702 PLANT LIFE OF ALABAMA, 
ALABAMA: Tennessee Valley to the Coast plain. Damp grassy woodlands and 
banks. Mobile County. Flowers sky-blue; earlyin April. Common. Perennial. 
Type locality: “Hab, in Virginia,” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Salvia verbenacea L. Sp. P].1:25. 1753. VERVAIN-LEAF SAGE, 
Salvia claytoni EM. Sk. 1: 32. 1816. 
Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 2, pt. 1: 872. 
Adventive from Europe, Sparingly naturalized on the coast of South Carolina. 
ALABAMA: Adventive on ballast. Mobile County. Becoming sparingly natural- 
ized, not spreading. Observed for the past ten years. Perennial. 
Type locality: ‘Hab, in Europae pascuis.” 
Herb, Geol. Surv. Herb, Mohr. 
MONARDA L. Sp. Pl. 1:22. 1753. Horsemrnt. 
Ten species, Atlantic North America, chiefly Alleghenian. 
Monarda fistulosa L. Sp. Pl. 1:22. 1753. WILD BERGAMOT, 
Ell. Sk. 1:29. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 414. Chap. FI. 320, Gray, Syn. F1.N. A. 2, pt. 1: 
374. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 2 : 339, 
Alleghenian and Carolinian areas. Ontario to Lake Superior; Quebee and New 
England west to Minnesota, Nebraska, and Dakota; west and south from Virginia 
to Missouri and Texas,and along the mountains to Georgia. 
ALABAMA: Mountain region, Coosa hills. Open rocky woods, fence rows, thickets. 
Cullman County. St. Clair County, Springville. Madison County, Huntsville. 
Flowers pink; June. Common, Perennial, 
Type locality: ‘‘Hab. in Canada.” 
Herb. Geol. Sury. Herb. Mohr. 
Monarda scabra Beck, Am. Journ. Sci. 10: 260, 1826. ScABROUS WILD BERGAMOT, 
Monarda fistulosa var, mollis Benth. Lab. Gen. & Sp. 317. 1833. In part. 
EI. Sk.1: 28. Gray, Man. ed. 6,414; Syn. PLN, A. 2, pt. 1: 374. 
Carolinian area, Canada across the plains to the Pacitie coast; Teinessee, Ar- 
kansas, and Indian Territory to Arizona and Texas. 
ALABAMA: Mountain region. Cullman County, rocky woods, copses; June. Not 
frequent. Perennial. 
Type locality: ‘‘ Woods on the banks of the Mississippi River, one mile north of 
St. Louis.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Monarda bradburyana Beck, Am, Journ. Sci. 10: 260. 1826, 
BRADBURY'S MONARDA. 
Gray, Man. ed.6,414. Chap. FL. ed. 3, 382. Gray, Syn. Pl.N. A. 2, pt. 1: 374. 
Carolinian area. Tennessee, southern Ohio, Illinois, Missouri, and Kansas, and 
along the mountains to Georgia. 
ALABAMA: Mountain region. Coosa hills, sunny hillsides, open woods. Madison 
County, Huntsville, 1,000 feet. Cullman County, 800 feet. St. Clair County, hills 
of Shoal Creek, 650 feet. Flowers pink; June, Not rare. Perennial, 
Type locality: “ Barrens north of St. Louis.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Monarda punctata L. Sp. Pl.1:22. 1753. DoTreED HORSEMINT, 
Monarda lutea Michx. Fl. Bor. Am 1:16. 1803. Coulter, Contr. Nat, Herb. 2:339, 
Ell. Sk. 1:30. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 414, Chap. Fl. 820. Gray, Syn. FL ON, A. 2, pt. 
1:375. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 2:339. 
Carolinian and Louisianian areas. New York west to southern Minnesota and 
Colorado, south to the Gulf trom Florida to Texas. 
ALABAMA: Throughout. Dry sandy soil, borders of fields, pastures, waysides. 
Flowers yellow with dark dots; July to October. Common. Perennial, 
Economic uses: The leaves and tops, called ‘‘horsemint,” or ‘*Monarda,” are an 
obsolete medicinal agent. 
Type locality: ‘Hab. in Virginia.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Monarda citriodora Cerv.; Lag. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2. 1816, 
LEMON-SCENTED MONARDA. 
Monarda aristata Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. n, ser. 5: 186. 1833-1837. 
Gray, Man, ed. 6,415. Gray, Syn. FIN. A. 2, pt.1:375. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb, 
2:339, 
Carolinian and Louisianian areas. Nebraska to Colorado, Arizona, and Texas. 
