THISTLE FAMILY. 797 
MELANTHERA Robr. Skriv. Nat. Selsk. Kj6b. 2: 213. 1792. 
Abont 8 species in warmer Africa and America. North America, 3. South Atlantic. 
Melanthera hastata (Walt.) Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 107, 1803. 
HALBERD-LEAF MELANTHERA. 
Athanasia hastata Walt. Fl. Car. 201, 1788. 
EM. Sk. 2:314. Chap. Fl. 225, Gray, Syn. FL N. A. pt. 1, 2: 257. 
West INDIES, MEXICO. 
Lonisianian area. Coast of South Carolina to Florida and Louisiana. 
ALABAMA: Coast plain, Damp thickets and borders of woods. Mobile County, 
muddy banks. Perennial. 
Type locality: South Carolina. 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
SPILANTHES Jacq. Stirp. Am. f, 2/4. 1763. 
About 40 species, perennials, tropical zones both hemispheres, largely American, 
West Indies to Brazil. North America, 1. 
Spilanthes repens (Walt.) Michx. F1]. Bor, Am, 2: 181, 1803, 
CREEPING SPILANTHES, 
Anthemis repens Walt. Fl. Car. 211, 178%. 
Acmella repens ElL. Sk. 2: 406. 1824. 
Ell. Sk.1l.¢. Chap, Fl. 237. Gray, Syn. FL N. A. 1, pt. 2: 258. Coulter, Contr. Nat. 
Herb. 2; 214. 
Louisianian area. South Carolina to Florida, Texas, and Arkansas. 
ALABAMA: Coast plain. Low damp places, damp thickets, and cultivated ground. 
Baldwin and Mobile counties. Flowers deep yellow; August to October. Common, 
Type locality: South Carolina. 
Herb, Geol. Surv. Herb, Mohr, 
RUDBECKIA L. Sp. Pl. 2:906. 1753. 
About 30 species, chiefly perennials, Mexico, North America, Atlantic, 19. 
Rudbeckia triloba L. Sp. Pl. 2: 907. 1753. MANY-FLOWERED CONE-FLOWER. 
El. Sk. 2:452, Gray, Man. ed. 6, 276. Chap. Fl. 227. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A.1, pt. 
2: 259, 
Carolinian and Louisianian areas. Pennsylvania and Ohio to Missouri and Michi- 
gan, south along the mountains to Georgia and middle Florida, west to Louisiana 
and Arkansas. 
ALABAMA: Mountain region to Central Prairie region. Thickets, fence rows. 
Talladega and Montgomery counties. Rays golden yellow, disk purplish black; 
August, September. Not infrequent. Biennial. 
Type locality: ‘‘ Hab. in Virginia.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Rudbeckia hirta L. Sp. Pl. 2: 907. 1753. ROUGH-STEMMED CONE-FLOWER. 
Ell. Sk. 2:457. Gray, Man. ed. 6,276. Chap. Fl.227, Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 
2:260. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb, 2: 215. 
Alleghenian, Carolinian, and Louisianian areas. Southern Ontario and north- 
western New York to the Ohio Valley and Missouri; south from New Jersey to 
Florida, west to Texas and Arkansas. 
ALABAMA: Tennessee Valley to the Coast plain. In dry light soil, open woods, 
Rays yellow, frequently orange at base, disk purplish black; June to September. 
Common; abundant throughout the pine woods. Biennial. 
Type locality: ‘Hab. in Virginia, Canada.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Rudbeckia monticola Small, Torreya, 1: —— 1901. 
Britt. & Br. Ill. Fl. 3:416. 1898. 
Carolinian area, Mountains of North Carolina to Georgia, Alabama, etc. 
ALARAMA: Mountain region. Copses and woods. Dekalb County, Lookout 
Mountain, near Mentone, 1,800 to 2,000 feet altitude. Flowers golden yellow; Sep- 
tember. Rare. 
Type locality: ‘‘Georgia: Estotoah Falls, August 11-12, 1893, Small (type).” 
