MONOGRAPH OF THE NORTH AMERICAN UMBELLIFERAE,’ 
By Jonn M. Courrer and J. N. Rose. 
INTRODUCTION, 
In 1888 we published the Revision of North American Umbelliferae.? 
This was the first general presentation of the North American species 
since Torrey and Gray’s account of the family in the Flora of North 
America, which appeared in 1840. In the twelve years which have 
elapsed the work of botanical exploration has proceeded with remark- 
able activity, and the additional material which has come into our 
hands has far exceeded all expectation. Since the appearance of the 
Revision descriptions of numerous new species and genera have 
appeared in various publications. The adjacent floras of Mexico and 
Central America have also yielded an enormous return for diligent 
exploration, and their rich display of Umbelliferae has helped to a 
better understanding of our own species. In the meantime concep- 
tions of genera and species have been shifting in the direction of a 
more exact definition of forms, and especially has the idea of the 
importance of an exact knowledge concerning types and type localities 
developed. To crown all of this the monograph of the genera of 
Umbelliferae by Drude, in Engler and Prantl’s Natuerlichen Pflanzen- 
familien, appeared in 1898, which defined the genera and indicated 
their relationships with a completeness which had never been attained 
before. In consideration of all of these facts the time seemed ripe to 
us for a new presentation of our North American species. For con- 
venience of reference, rather than for any special appropriateness in 
the name, we have decided to call this a Monograph rather than a 
second Revision. 
In the preface to our former revision there is given a list of the 
publications containing descriptions of new species since Torrey and 
Gray’s Flora. This list, with certain corrections and omissions, is 
here reproduced. Works in which new names only occur are also 
included. 
‘Although we have used the name Umbelliferae for this family throughout this 
work, yet it is proper to state that the name Apiaceae has been adopted by a number 
of American botanists, and has so appeared in several numbers of the Contributions. 
?Coulter, John M., and Rose, J. N. Revision of North American Umbelliferae. 
Crawfordsville, Indiana. December, 1888. Pp. 1-144, pls. 1-9. 
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