COULTER AND ROSE—NORTH AMERICAN UMBELLIFERAE. 205 
Type species, Lomatium villosum Raf. 
A genus of about 60 species, belonging to the drier regions of West- 
ern North America. 
While preparing our Revision of 1888, we recognized that the North American 
species referred to Peucedanum differ from the European and Asiatic representatives 
of the genus, and our manuscript was prepared with our species segregated from 
Peucedanum. At the last moment we concluded not to make the change until further 
knowledge of our species and those of the Old World had been obtained. The twelve 
years that have clapsed have but strengthened our earlier view, and we hesitate no 
longer in making a change in which we are also confirmed by the views of other 
American botanists. 
The genus Peucedanum was treated by Bentham and. Hooker as a vast and unwieldy 
complex, under which in the Kew Index 40 generic names appear as synonyms, 
The restoration of these genera has been going on ever since, those with which we 
are concerned being Anethum, Imperatoria, Oxypolis (Archemora, Tiedemannia, Neuro- 
phylum), and Pastmaca, to which we now add Lomatium ( Cogswellia), and Euryptera, 
the list including 10 of the generic names cited by the Kew Index as synonyms of 
Peucedanum. 
The type of Peucedanum is P. officinale L. Sp. Pl. 1: 245. 1753, a plant of the low 
fertile meadows of Europe, and is of an entirely different generic type from the North 
American species which have been referred to Peucedanum, and which represent a 
very consistent group entirely restricted to Western North America, and form by far 
our largest and most characteristic umbelliferous genus. Briefly stated, the essential 
differences between Peucedanwin and Lomatinmn areas follows: Peucedanum consists 
of tall and branching mesophytic plants of low fertile meadows of the Old World, 
with several umbels, conical stylopodium, and solitary oil tubes; while Lomatium 
consists of low xerophytic plants of acaulescent habit belonging to the arid regions 
of Western North America, with usually single umbels terminating simple elongated 
peduncles, no stylopodium, and often several oil tubes. 
The name Cogswellia was given by Sprengel because he regarded Rafinesque’s 
Lomatium asahomonym.  Rafinesque characterizes (Jour. Phys. 89; 101. 1819) the 
genus as follows: 
*Lomatium. (Ombellif.) Fleurs polygames miles, 4 involucelles et sans involucres. 
Fleurs hermaphrodites. Calice ou ovaire comprimé, entier. 5 pétales fléchis, menus. 
5 étamines. 2 styles. Semences plates, elliptiques, entiéres, A peine striGes, entourées 
par une aile membraneuse marginale.—-Acaulé, feuilles decomposées, hampe a une 
ombelle, involucelles polyphylles, les ombellules centrales a fleurs males.—Je fonde 
ce genre sur une jolie plante recueillie sur le Missouri par M. Bradbury, qui me l’a 
communiquée. I] différe du genre //eracleum par les semences entiéres, etc., et se 
rapproche par son port des genres Afthamanta et Cymopterus. 
L. villosum. Entiérement velue, feuilles quadripinnées, pétioles membraneux, 
folioles lancéolées, aigues, laciniées; hampe plus longue que les feuilles; involucelles 
lancéolées, aigués, tomenteuses. Fleurs blanches.”’ 
The identification of Bradbury’s plant is a matter of inference rather than a cer- 
tainty. The description calls for a villous plant with white flowers and tomentose 
involucels, and, unfortunately, no species of Lomatinum which occurs in the region of 
Bradbury’s collection shows such a combination, £. orientale (for synonymy see 
under species) was collected by Bradbury, and has white flowers, but it is a plant 
with short soft pubescence and smooth involucels; while 1. foeniculaceum is a villous 
plant with tomentose involucels, but. has yellow flowers. 1. macrocarpum is a villous 
plant and has white flowers, but it is farther west than Bradbury reached. It would 
seem, therefore, that Lomatium villosum Raf. is either L. orientale or L, foeniculaceum, 
