80 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 



Southeastern Alaska, to the mountains of Washington. Type locality, Baranof 

 Island . 



Specimens examined: Foggy Bay, Coville & Kearney 2572; Howkan, Evans 120; 

 Yes Bay, Behm Canal, Howell 1721; ("ape Fox, Cole in 1899. 



2. Festuca altaica Trin. in Ledeb. Fl. Alt. 1: 109. 1829. 

 Festuca scabrella Torr.; Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 252. 1840. 



Festuca subulata Trin. err. det. Vasey, U. S. Dept. Agr. Div. Bot. Bull. 13: pi. 92. 

 1893. 



A densely cespitose perennial 30 to 80 cm. high, with numerous elongated, involute 

 basal leaves and open, lax panicles of few large purplish spikelets; panicles 10 to 15 

 cm. long, the branches spreading, flexuous, often recurved, flower-bearing above the 

 middle; spikelets 8 to 12 mm. long, 3 to 5-flowered. 



In dry rocky soils from Seward Peninsula to the upper Yukon, Aleutian Islands, 

 and southeastern Alaska; also in northern Asia. 



A very striking species, evidently common throughout its range. In some respects 

 it approaches Festuca hallii (Vasey) Piper, but it is evidently distinct from that spe- 

 cies. It is recognized by its numerous long, nearly glabrous leaves and lax open 

 panicles of rather large, usually purplish spikelets. 



3. Festuca rubra L. Sp. PI. 74. 1753. 



An erect, glabrous perennial 30 to 70 cm. high, with creeping rootstocks, exserted, 

 contracted or open panicles, 3 to 10 cm. long; lemmas about 6 mm. iong, scabrous, 

 awned . 



The Pribilof and Aleutian islands and the valley of the lower Yukon to southeast- 

 ern Alaska thence eastward and southward to Labrador, Tennessee, and Colorado; 

 also in Europe and Asia. 



Specimens examined: St. Paul Island, Macoun 16634; Yukon River, Funston 136; 

 Atka, Macoun 42 in 1891; Unalaska, Macoun 41 in 1891, Harrington in 1871-72, Piper 

 4674; Long Island, near Kodiak, Trelease & Saunders 2998, Coville & Kearney 2403; 

 Kenai, Piper 2675; Kodiak Island, Georgeson 9, Piper 4672; Homer, Piper 4677; Popof 

 Island, Trelease & Saunders 2999, Saunders in 1899; Shumagin Islands, Harrington 

 in 1871-72; Kasilof, Evans 616; Orca, Piper 4670; Sitka, Wright 1586; Foggy Bay, 

 Coville & Kearney 2564, Trelease & Saunders 3002, 3003. 



An exceedingly variable species having many synonyms. European botanists have 

 recognized many varieties, differentiating them chiefly by leaf characters. 



3a. Festuca rubra kitaibeliana (Schult.) Piper, Contr. Nat. Herb. 10: 23. 1906. 



Festuca pubescens Willd.; Link, Enum. PL 1: 91. 1821, not Zea, 1817. 



Festuca kitaibeliana Schult. Mant. 2: 398. 1824. 



Bromus secundus Presl, Rel. Haenk. 1: 263. 1830. 



Festuca rubra pubescens Vasey in Beal, Grasses N. Amer. 2: 607. 1896. 



Festuca rubra secunda Scribn. Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. 10: 39. pi. 52. 1899. 



An erect, cespitose perennial 30 to 80 cm. high from a creeping rootstock, with 

 narrow, involute leaves, exserted, mostly contracted panicles, and densely villous 

 spikelets; innovation leaves 15 to 30 cm. long, glabrous, those of the culm much 

 shorter; panicles 6 to 15 cm. long, the branches naked below, scabrous, mostly secund, 

 the lower ones 4 to 5 cm. long; spikelets about 12 mm. long, 5 to 10-flowered; glumes 

 glabrous, unequal, the second 5 to 6 mm. long, broadly lanceolate, the first shorter 

 and narrowly lanceolate; lemmas 6 to 7 mm. long, lanceolate, acuminate into a straight 

 awn 2 to 3 mm. long, very strongly villous throughout. 



Dry soils and river banks from Seward Peninsula and the Pribilof Islands to the Aleu- 

 tian Islands and Yakutat Bay, thence to Washington, Oregon, and Montana; also 

 in Europe and northern Asia. 



Specimens examined: Port Clarence, Walpole 1636; St. Michael Island, Turner 9; 

 Kasilof, Evans 603, 735; Homer, Evans 474; Cold Bay, Piper 4668; St. Paul Island, 



