LAMSON-SCRIBNER AND MERRILL GRASSES OF ALASKA. 81 



Macoun in 1891 and 1897, 16034 in part; Kodiak Island, Georgeson 9 in part, Trelease <fc 

 Saunders 3000, Coville & Kearney 2286; Kenai, Piper 4676; Shumagin Islands Harring- 

 ton in 1871-72; Disenchantment Bay, Trelease & Saunders 2922; Unalaska, Coville & 

 Kearney 2193, Harrington in 1871-72, Piper 4674. 



This very distinct form is the European Festuca rubra barbata Hack. {F. barbata 

 Sohrank) and is readily distinguished by its very villous glumes and lemmas. The 

 specimens collected by Harrington, Shumagin Islands, cited above, agree with Presl's 

 type of Bromus secundus in the herbarium of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 



A form with awnless lemmas comes from: Eagle, Georgeson 30. 

 3b. Festuca rubra lanuginosa Mert. & Koch in Rohl. Deutschl. Fl. ed. 3. 1: 654. 

 1823. 



Festuca arenaria Osbeck in Retz. Suppl. Prodr. Fl. Scan. 1: 4. 1805, not Lam. 1791 . 



Festuca rubra armaria Fries, Fl. Halland. 28. 1817. 



Festuca richardsoni Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 250. 1840. 



Festuca lanuginosa Scheele, Flora 1: 63. 1844. 



Lemmas densely villous; awns very short or wholly wanting. 



Aleutian Islands, and in the arctic regions of both hemispheres. 



Specimen examined: Unimak Island, Macoun 22801. 



The Richardson specimens from "the Arctic seacoast " are identical with arctic 

 European'specimens, agreeing with F. rubra arenaria forma arctica Hackel." 



4. Festuca ovina L. Sp. PL 73. 1753. 



A densely cespitose grass 10 to 30 cm. high, with slender rigid culms, no running 

 rootstocks, numerous involute basal leaves and simple panicles 3 to 8 cm. long; lemmas 

 4 mm. long or less, usually short-awned. 



An extremely variable and widely distributed species presenting many puzzling 

 forms. The Alaska specimens apparently all belong to the variety named below. 

 4a. Festuca ovina brachyphylla (Schult.) Piper, Contr. Nat. Herb. 10: 27. 1906. 



Festuca brevifolia R. Br. Suppl. App. Parry's Voy. 289. 1824, not Muhl. 1817. 



Festuca brachyphylla Schult. Mant. 3: 646. 1827. 



Festuca ovina brevifolia Hack. Monogr. Fest. Eur. 117. 1S82. 



Culms 5 to 15 cm. high; basal leaves numerous, subsetaceous, short, 2 to 6 cm. long; 

 ligule shortly biauriculate; panicle contracted, 2 to 3.5 cm. long; spikelets about 6 mm. 

 long, green or more or less tinged with violet; lemmas 3 to 4 mm. long, smooth or 

 slightly scaberulous, short-awned. 



Seward Peninsula and the islands of Bering Sea to the Aleutian Islands and south- 

 eastern Alaska, thence southward to the mountains of Utah and Tolorado; also in arctic 

 and alpine regions of the Old World . 



Specimens examined: Port Lawrence, Trelease <&• Saunders 2990; St. Matthew 

 Island, Trelease & Saunders 2991; Unalaska, Trelease & Saunders 2989, Piper 4669; 

 Popof Island, Kincaid in 1899; Kodiak, Trelease & Saunders 2988, Piper 4674, 4678, 

 Evans 422; Muir Glacier, Trelease & Saunders in 1899; Cold Bay, Piper 4673; Juneau, 

 Trelease & Saunders 2987 ; St. Paul Island, Macou n 16633; Unalaska, Harrington in 

 1871-72, Coville & Kearney 2204; Kukak Bay, Coville <fc Kearney 1501, 1503; Prince 

 William Sound, Trelease & Saunders 2992; Hidden Glacier, Yakutat Bay, Coville 

 & Kearney 986; Disenchantment Bay, Coville & Kearney 1098. 



Several other species and varieties of Festuca have been reported from Alaska by 

 various authors, but in most cases manifestly based on wrongly determined material. 

 ''Festuca scabrella'' Torrey, reported from Nushagak by Knowlton& is F. altaica, and 

 Festuca ovina duriuscula (L.) A. Gray, and F. ovina violacea (Gaud.) Griseb., are 

 reported by various authors, but the Alaskan material so named is here referred to 



a Monogr. Fest. Eur. 140. 1882. 

 bProc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 8: 220. 1885. 



