316 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 



Abundant in the Santa Cruz Peninsula at Devil's Canon and on Mount San Bruno. 

 Collected also by Doctor Hasse in the Tehachepi Range. I have also examined speci- 

 mens from Vancouver Island, collected by Macoun. There can be no doubt that this 

 lichen occurs in many localities on the Pacific side of the Sierras. 



Explanation op Plate 68.— a, Three plants of Gyrophora polypliylla, showing upper surface, material 

 from the Santa Cruz Peninsula; b, under surface, and c, upper surface of G. rugifera, both from specimen 

 collected by Bolander. All scale 2. 



2. Gyrophora flocculosa Borr. & Turn. Lich. Brit. 217. 1839. 

 Lichen deustus (?) L. Sp. PL ed. 2. 1618. 1703. 



Lichen flocculosus Wulf. in Jacq. Coll. 3: 99 and pi. l.f. 2. 1789. 

 Umbilicaria flocculosa Tuck. Syn. N. Amer. Lich. 1: 85. 1882. 



Thallus small to medium sized, thin, papery, one-leaved or more or less several- 

 leaved, smooth, slightly pustulate or now wrinkled. Color dull blackish brown, more 

 or less covered with a blackish, chaffy .or sooty scurf; beneath naked, smooth, almost 

 or quite concolorous, and more or less pitted or lacunose. 



Very rare in fruit; I have never collected any fertile specimens nor have I seen any 

 in the herbaria examined. 



Here described from material collected by Macoun at Robson on the Columbia 

 River, British Columbia, and compared with specimens from Sweden and a large 

 series collected by me in the Austrian Alps. No doubt this lichen will be found in the 

 higher mountains of northern California, Oregon, and Washington. 



A careful reading of Linnoeus's description above cited reveals no character by which 

 the plant he called deustus could be recognized; in the absence of further information 

 at this time the name flocculosa must be used, though it is probable that an examina- 

 tion of herbarium material would show that deustus is entitled to precedence. 



3. Gyrophora reticulata (Schaer.) Th. Fr. Lich. Scand. 1:166. 1871. Plate 69. 

 Gyrophora ]>olymorpha reticulata Schaer. Naturw. Anz. Schw. Ges. 1: 7. 1818. 

 Umbilicaria anthracina reticulata Tuck. Syn. N. Amer. Lich. 1: 84. 1882. 



Thallus small to medium sized, one-leaved; lobes few, with crenate, finally irregular 

 margin; upper surface finely rimose and areolate, gray brown to blackish brown, 

 covered with radiate folds and ridges which become reticulate, the ridges, particu- 

 larly at the center, and sometimes the surface between them, hoary with hard white 

 granules; under surface smooth, without fibrils, clear pale brown to dark brown, 

 more or less pruinose, especially toward the margin; apothecia numerous, small to 

 medium, elevated, circular, with a thick peristent margin, simple (in one specimen 



6—8 

 also occurring more or less plicate); spores ellipsoid to ovoid, simple, colorless, ,, .„ u. 



Here described from specimens in the U. S. National Herbarium (Willey Herbarium) 

 collected in Oregon by Cusick and in Colorado by the Hayden Survey and by T. S. 

 Brandegee. This species is very common on the rocks about Reno, Nevada, a few 

 miles from the California State line, at an altitude of 1,440 meters and upward. It 

 is common in the Sierra Nevada Mountains about the Truckee River, and is exceed- 

 ingly abundant on Mount Rose in Nevada, which is the highest peak of the Sierras in 

 the Lake Tahoo district. Here at an altitude of 2,600 meters and on to the summit 

 at 3,600 meters it is the dominant lichen. 



This material from the eastern Sierras is generally much darker in color than that 

 above described, sometimes becoming black. 



Explanation of Plate 69.— a, Upper surface of thallus; 5, lower surface. Specimens from Reno, 

 Nevada. Scale 2. 



4. Gyrophora rugifera (Nyl.) Th. Fries, Lich. Scand. 1: 156. 1871. Plate 68, 6, c. 

 Umbilicaria rugifera Nyl. Lich. Scand. 117. 1860. 



Thallus varying from medium-sized to rather small (rarely large), one-leaved to 

 complicate-lobed, leathery, rigid, the margin more or less crenate; surface usually 



