JOHN ANDERSON. 31 
South American colonies won their final victory over Spain. On the 
Ist of January, 1825, he sailed in command of a squadron composed 
of the ship As‘a and the brigantines Aguéles and Constante, hound for 
the Philippines. The water of the squadron becoming: scarce, they 
anchored in the roadstead of Umata and filled their casks. On the 
night of March LO, while weighing anchor, the crews suddenly rose, 
set fire to one of the vessels, maltreated the commanding officer, and 
drove him ashore, together with his officers and 100 loyal men. 
Ganga-Herrero, the governor of Guam, went on board and tried to 
restore discipline, but they put him ashore, hoisted the flag of the 
insurgent republics of America, and set sail for Peru to join the inde- 
pendents. The general, accompanied by his officers and loyal men, 
proceeded in a whaling vessel to Manila, where they arrived April 4, 
and were received with great hospitality by all classes of people.“ 
D’Urville states that Governor Ganga-Herrero was much regretted 
by the natives, whom he permitted to trade on their own account with 
vessels anchoring at the island. His successor, Medinilla, on the other 
hand, was universally disliked. He forbade all traflic with visiting 
vessels, monopolizing it for himself. Among the officials visiting the 
ship was the captain of the port, a Scotchman named John Anderson, 
who had come to the island with Freycinet. He had served tem- 
porarily on the Uranée as chief quartermaster, and was allowed to 
remain in Guam at his own request. D’Urville describes him as a 
fine-looking man, well-behaved, and speaking French pretty well. 
Anderson knew Quoy and Gaimard, having been shipmates with them 
‘on the Uranie. He came to investigate the sickness on board, fearing 
that some contagious disease might be introduced into the island. He 
gave @’Urville information regarding the hydrography of the region. 
As an illustration of the conditions in Guam, he said that Medinilla, the 
governor, on his return from Manila had brought back more than 
60,000 pesos worth of goods of all kinds to sell to the natives of 
Guam, and that he conducted a very profitable business, since he per- 
mitted no competitors in trade. 
This monopoly [says d’Urville], which according to our ideas would not be very 
honorable on the part of a governor, does not cause surprise in the Mariannes. The 
governors have had this privilege from time immemorial. 
D’Urville attributed the lack of enterprise and progress on the island 
to the absurd laws and this disheartening monopoly. 
How should industry flourish? [he says]. The governor is the sole trader. He 
receives annually money for the salaries of the officers, which he sends back, giving 
them instead inferior goods at prices fixed by himself. 
« This account is taken from the narrative of Dumont d’Urville, supplemented by 
the report made to the Queen Regent, inserted in the work ‘‘Los diez y seis meses 
de mando superior de Filipinas,’’? por el Mariscal de Campo Don Andrés Garcia 
Camba; Cadiz, 1839. 
