FOREST VEGETATION. 55 
circinalis, with glossy pinnate leaves resembling fronds of ferns; and 
Bochmeria tenacissima, which yields the celebrated ‘‘ rhea” fiber, here 
growing in the form of a shrub or small tree. Besides these plants 
Intsia bijuga, « handsome leguminous tree, which yields the excellent 
ifil wood (PI. LIV); Premna gaudichaudii, a verbenaceous tree called 
ahgau, with elder-like flowers and durable hard wood used in con- 
struction; and the interesting ‘‘nunu” (/%cus sp.), a banyan which 
sends down aerial roots like life-lines over the edge of the cliffs. 
Among the smaller plants growing on rocky slopes is Gynopogon torre- 
sianus, With glossy, myrtle-like leaves and the aromatic fragrance of 
the “maile” (@ynopogon olivacformis) so dear to the Hawaiians. 
FORESTS. 
The forest vegetation of Guam (PI. IJ) consists almost entirely of 
strand trees, epiphytal ferns, lianas, and a few undershrubs. The 
majority of the species are included in what Schimper has called the 
Barringtonia Formation.* The principal trees are the wild, fertile 
breadfruit, Artocarpus communis; the Indian almond, Terminalia 
catappa; jack-in-the-box, Hernandia peltata; the giant banyan (PI. 
XID), called nunu by the natives (/%cus sp.); two other species of Ficus 
called “‘hodda” and ‘‘takete” or ‘‘taguete,” the first with prop-like, 
aerial roots growing from the trunk near its base and with fruit 
resembling small, red crab apples and the second resembling the nunu, 
but with aerial roots from the trunk only and not from the limbs; Pan- 
danus fragrans (‘ kat6”) (Pl. LX) and Pandanus dubius (‘‘ pahong”’), 
two screw pines which differ from many of their congeners in not 
being found growing on the outer beach; Calophyllum inophyllum, a 
handsome tree known in the East Indies as Alexandrian laurel, which 
yields the tough crossgrained wood of which the natives make their 
cart wheels; Barringtonia racemosa, which, unlike its congener, 
B. speciosa, leaves the coast and follows along the banks of the streams 
into the interior; //eritiera littoralis (Pl. LI), called in India the look- 
ing-glass tree, which furnishes the natives of Guam with tough wood 
for their plows and wheel spokes; and, among recently introduced 
trees, Canangium odoratum, the fragrant flowers of which are the 
source of the perfume known as ilangilang, Annona reticulata, the 
custard apple or bullock’s heart, and Pithecolobium dulce, a leguminous 
tree known in the East Indies as the Manila tamarind, but which was 
brought from Mexico for the sake of its tannin-yielding bark and its 
edible pods. No truly indigenous palms occur, but Areca cathecu, the 
betel-nut palm, grows spontaneously in damp places; a small, slender- 
stemmed species allied to Areca, called ** palma brava” by the natives, 
is gradually spreading over the island; and the Caroline Island **‘ sago- 
palm,” Coeloecocus amicarum, has been introduced sparingly. Those 
a8ee Schimper, Die indo-malayische Strandflora, p. 68, 1891. 
