FISHES. | 89 
spots or lines. In Samoa allied species ealled ‘‘sungale;” in Hawaii 
*‘opule” or * hilu.” 
Tditanung. Coris aygula Lacépéede. 
Blackish; pectorals margined with yellow; opercular flap of a deep 
blue: prominent hump on nape of neck; teeth projecting curved for- 
ward; length, 13 inches. 
Tiao. 
Silvery, small; like small salmonete (Mullidae): a favorite food fish 
with flavor like smelt. 
Torillo. Ostracion cornutus L, 
A curious small fish with hard carapax covering the body; 2 frontal 
spines resemble the horns of an ox, therefore the common name; also 
2 posterior spines. 
Ugupa amarilla.  [Holacanthus cyanotis Ginther. 
A short flat fish with a blunt head; yellow, with blue ring around 
the eye and a blue line down the posterior edge of the opercle. Fins 
yellow, dorsal, caudal, and anal with a marginal line of bluish black. 
MARINE INVERTEBRATES.“ 
Guam offers most favorable conditions for the study of marine 
invertebrates. On the western coast of the island there are broad 
fringing coral reefs and level platforms, covered even at high tide 
with only a few feet of water and at low water bare over considerable 
areas. Here a collector ina boat or wading, with his feet protected 
from the sharp spines of sea-urchins and the rough branches of the 
coral, can always get abundance of material, When the reef is coy- 
ered with a foot of water and there is no breeze to ruffle the surface 
the bottom appears like a garden, the corals and marine annelids 
expanding like beautiful rayed composites. On the bottom lie fungia 
corals, like huge inverted mushrooms, with pale green tentacles 
expanding from their radiating amine: indigo-hlue, five-fingered star- 
fish; sea-urchins; and holothurians. Some of the latter creep about 
like huge brown slugs. If one attempts to pick them up they thrust 
one of their extremities between the branches of coral or into a crev- 
ice of the rock,and by forcing water to that part of the body distend 
it and wedge it so tightly that it can not be removed without being 
tornintwo. A long translucent holothurian (Synapta) moves through 
the water so rapidly that it is caught with difficulty. When lifted 
from the water it hangs limp and helpless, like a skin full of water, 
its internal organs showing distinctly through the body wall. As 
soon as it is dropped back into its native element it makes off at a great 
speed and soon finds shelter in some hole in the reef. 
“1 am indebted to Miss Mary J. Rathbun, of the U.S. National Museum, for revis- 
ing the names of the crustaceans mentioned below. 
