92 USEFUL PLANTS OF GUAM. 
lively enough to sting. On one of the Government vessels, which had 
visited Guam in January, were found some of these wasps after her 
arrival in San Francisco. They had sought an asylum while she lay 
in the harbor of Apra, and remained hibernating during the return 
voyage of the vessel. Another species found on board was a solitary 
Wasp, a species of Odynerus or anallied genus. The mother had made 
aw series of mud-like cells in a pamphlet, which had remained rolled up, 
and in each cell she had deposited a small green caterpillar, the larva 
of one of the smaller motbs of the island, laying an egg and sealing 
up the cell and then making another cell on top of it and repeating the 
operation. In Guam these cell-making wasps are very common. 
Every hole in the wall of a house is plastered up by them; rolled-up 
magazines or newspapers Lying on the table, bamboos, empty car- 
tridge cases, even gun barrels—eyerything which is tubular in shape 
is filled by their cells. Their sting stupefies the caterpillar, but does 
not kill it, and their larvie in eating their animal food are much more 
active than those of pollen-feeding species, turning their heads from 
side to side and living for some time after having been taken from 
their cells. 
Among the ants (*‘ otdot,” or *utdut”) there is one (Solenops/s sp. 4) 
of which the workers are very small and sting severely. The females 
are considerably larger. These little creatures, when out on foraging 
expeditions, travel in lines and sting every animal that crosses their 
path. Sometimes young chickens are killed by them. They are com- 
mon in houses, and it is not unusual on turning in at night to find a 
line of them crossing the bed. In another species belonging to the 
same family (Myrmicidae), probably of the genus Pheidole, there is a 
form with enormously developed cubical heads and strong jaws, called 
‘*soldiers.” It is very interesting to watch these insects swarm. They 
come out of the ground in great numbers. Both the males and females 
are winged. ‘The females are very much larger than the males and the 
workers are smaller. The soldiers, which are very conspicuous, are 
sometimes called ** workers major,” and the common small-headed form 
“workers minor.” Soon after swarming the sexes mate. They then 
lose their wings and establish new colonies. Another stinging ant, 
much larger and of a black color, is called ** hatitg.” 
Leaf-cutting ants, the pests of many tropical countries, are happily 
absent from Guam. Consequently, gardens do not need to be pro- 
tected from them, and the green turf and luxuriant herbage of the 
island offers a most pleasing contrast to the bare earth and canal- 
protected gardens of Central America and Brazil. 
The diptera are represented by several species of flies and at least 
two mosquitoes. It has been asserted that the early natives blamed 
the Spaniards for having introduced both flies and mosquitoes to 
