PRONUNCIATION OF GUAM NAMES. 171 
and 0, as may be seen in the name for sugar cane, written “tupu * by 
some authorities and *tupo” by others. The diphthong ai pronounced 
like the English i is also frequently confused with ae, the name for 
bread fruit being written either * lémae” or ‘*]émai.” The circumflex 
accent placed over a vowel indicates that it is pronounced gutturally. 
For a more complete account of the language of the island the reader 
is referred to The Chamorro Language of Guam, by William Edwin 
Safford. Reprinted from the American Anthropologist, new series, 
vols. 5, 6, and 7. 1908, 1904, and 1905, 
In Samoan names the apostrophe (°) before a vowel or between 
vowels marks the position of an original Polynesian k, and is indi rated 
in speaking by a break in the continuity of the vowel sound. Thus 
the Tongan “kava” (Piper inethysticoum) and ** muka,” an adjective 
applied to tender young leaves, become in Samoan “ava” and 
“mua:” and the Tongan “ faki,” signifying ‘*to break off fruit from 
a bunch,” becomes in Samoa ** fwi,” the name for ** banana.” 
Except where otherwise indicated in the text, the matter given 
under ‘ references,” including the critical notes, is the work of Mr. 
W. F. Wight, and the authorship of the new names is therefore to be 
accredited to him. 
Adban or Adbang ((Ginam). 
A species of Eugenia, the hard, close-grained, durable wood of which is much used 
in construction on the island of Guam. 
Abaca or Abakdé (Philippines). See Musa tectilis, 
Abas (Guam). 
Local name, derived from the Spanish ‘‘guayaba,” for the guava (Psidian 
quajava). 
Abelmoschus esculentus. OKRA. OctERA, 
Family Malvaceae. 
Local Names.—Gumbo (Louisiana); Guingambo (Porto Rico); (Quingombo 
(Mexico); Quimbombo (Spanish ); Naju (Panama). 
An annual plant, indigenous to the West Indies, but introduced in cultivation 
into all tropical and subtropical countries. Stems hairy; leaves alternate, cordate, 
toothed, 8 to S5-lobed, scabrous on both sides, on long petioles; pedicels axillary, 
shorter than the petiole; calyx surrounded by an inyolucel of 9 to 12 linear decidu- 
ous leaves; petals yellow, with reddish claws; capsule oblong-lanceolate, hairy, 
5-celled; cells many-seeded. 
The young green mucilaginous capsules are used for thickening soup and are pickled 
like capers. Like many other Malvaceae, the plant yields a strong, silky fiber, and 
this is used in certain parts of India in the manufacture ot cordage, sacking, and paper. 
See Okra, under Gardens. 
REFERENCES: 
Abelinoschus esculentus (1.) Moench, Meth. 617. 1794. 
Hihiseus esculentus L. Sp. Pl. 2: 696. 1788. 
Abrus abrus. CoRAL-BEAD VINE. PLATE XXXI. 
Family Fabaceae. 
Loca Names.—Kolales halom-tano (Guam); Sagasaga (Philippines) ; Matamata- 
moso (Samoa); Pepitio (Tahiti); Peronia (Porto Rico) ; Wild licorice (India); 
Indian licorice (Australia); Crabs-eye seeds (West Indies); Jequirity ( Brazil). 
