PIPER—FLORA OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON. 91 
ZONAL DISTRIBUTION: Mostly Arid Transition, but also Upper Sonoran. It also reap- 
pears in the Humid Transition in northwest Washington. 
There is some doubt as to whether the form found in western Washington is identical 
with that of the interior. Better and more copious material is needed to determine the 
point definitely. 
CHAMAECYPARIS. 
1. Chamaecyparis nootkatensis (Lamb.) Spach, Hist. Veg. 11: 333. 1842. 
ALASKA CEDAR. YELLOW CEDAR. 
Cupressus nootkatensis Lambert, Gen. Pinus 2: 18. 1824. 
Chamaecyparis nutkaensis Spach, Hist. Veg. 11: 333. 1842. 
Tyres Locatiry: Nootka Sound. 
Rance: Alaska south to Mount Jefferson, Oregon, mainly in the Cascade and Coast 
Mountains; perhaps in north Idaho. 
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Olympic Mountains, Piper in 1890; Henderson 2047; Elmer 
2481; Horseshoe Basin, Elmer 854; Skagit Pass, Lake & Hull 632; Cascade Mountains, 
latitude 49°, Lyall in 1859; Stevens Pass, Sandberg & Leiberg 796; Mount Rainier, Piper 
2103; Allen 207; Goat Mountains, Allen 207a. 
ZONAL DISTRIBUTION: Hudsonian. 
THUJA. 
1. Thuja plicata Donn, Hort. Cantab. ed. 6.249. 1811. GIANT CEDAR. 
Thuja gigantea Nutt. Journ. Phila. Acad. 7: 52. 1834. 
Typr Lrocatity: Nootka Sound. Collected by Menzies. 
Ranoe: Southern Alaska to northern California, eastward to Montana, and south to the 
Salmon River, Idaho. 
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Seattle, Piper 599; Olympia, Henderson, April, 1892; Port Lud- 
low, Binns, September 9, 1890; Nisqually Valley, Allen 304; Falcon Valley, Suksdorf 495; 
Skagit Pass, Lake & Hull 637; Peshastin, Sandberg & Leiberg 483; Colville, Lyall in 1860; 
without locality, Vasey 63; Olympic Mountains, Elmer 2484; Stehekin, Whited 1407. 
ZONAL DISTRIBUTION: Humid Transition mainly. 
For illustration of a giant cedar forest see frontispiece. 
PINUS. 
Leaves 5 in each fascicle; scales of the cones unarmed. 
Cones oblong-cylindric, 10 to 30 cm. long....-.---.-------------- 1. P. monticola. 
Cones ovate or globose, 4 to 8 cm. long.....--------------------- 2. P. albicaulis. 
Leaves less than 5 in each fascicle; scales of the cones armed. 
Fascicles containing 3 leaves; cones large. .....------------------ 3. P. ponderosa. 
Fascicles containing 2 leaves; cones small......----------+-+-+---- ‘4. P. contorta. 
1. Pinus monticola Dougl. in Lambert, Desc. Gen. Pinus ed, 2, 3: 27. t. 87. 1837, 
WESTERN WHITE PINE. 
Tyre LocaLity: Not ascertained. 
Rance: Southern British Columbia, south to central California, eastward to western 
Montana. 
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Olympic Mountains, Piper, August, 1895; Elmer 2485; Port 
Ludlow, Binns; Cascade Mountains, latitude 49°, Lyall in 1860; Horseshoe Basin, Okanogan 
County, Elmer 862; Skagit Pass, Lake & Hull, August 24, 1892; Nisqually Valley, Allen 
315; without locality, Vasey 51. 
ZONAL DISTRIBUTION: Mainly Canadian. 
In Hooker’s Flora our species was mistaken for its eastern relative P. strobus. 
2. Pinus albicaulis Engelm. Trans. Acad. St. Louis 2: 209. 1868. | WHITE-BARK PINE. 
Pinus cembroides Zuce. err. det. Newberry, Pac. R. R. Rep. 6: 44. 1857. 
