PIPER—FLORA OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON. 159 
Rance: Washington to Newfoundland, south to California and Pennsylvania. Europe. 
Asia. 
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Seattle, Piper 776; Mount Adams, Henderson, July, 1892; 
Mount Stuart, Elmer 1138; Seattle, Smith 1016; Coulee City, Piper 3857; Priest Rapids, 
Cotton 1380. 
ZONAL DISTRIBUTION: Upper Sonoran to Hudsonian. 
HEMICARPHA. 
Scales erect or spreading only at the tips, little exceeding the akenes... 1. H. micrantha. 
Scales spreading, 2 to 3 times as long as the akenes. 
Akenes black; scales broad, abruptly acuminate -.........2.2.-.. 2. H. aristulata. 
Akenes brown; scales narrow, gradually attenuate .......2.....- 3. H. occidentalis. 
1. Hemicarpha micrantha (Vahl) Britton, Bull. Torr. Club 15: 104. 1888, 
Hemicarpha subsquarrosa Nees; Mart. FI. Brasil 2': 61. 1842. 
Scirpus micrantha Vahl, Enum. 2: 254. 1805. 
Type Locatity: “Habitat in America meridionali?”’ 
Rance: Washington to New England and south into South America. 
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Falcon Valley, Suksdorf 811, 88. 
2. Hemicarpha aristulata (Coville) A. Nelson, Bull. Torr. Club 29: 400. 1902. 
Hemicarpha micrantha aristulata Coville, Bull. Torr. Club 21: 36, 1894. 
Hemicarpha intermedia Piper, F]. Palouse Reg. 36. 1901. 
TYPE LocALitTy: Texas. 
Rance: Washington to Texas. 
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Almota, Piper 2375. 
3. Hemicarpha occidentalis A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 7: 391. 1868. 
TYPE LocaLity: Yosemite Valley, California. 
RanGeE: Washington to California. 
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Falcon Valley, Suksdorf 87. 
ELEOCHARIS. Spiker rusu. 
Styles 2-cleft; akenes biconvex. 
Tubercles constricted basally. 
Annual, roots fibrous; akenes black .........2...2-2-.-2------ 1. EF. capitata. 
Perennial with rootstocks; akenes brown ._...........-.-.--- 2. FE. palustris. 
Tubercles not constricted basally; annuals. 
Heads ovoid; bristles longer than the akenes ........ 2.22. _ 3. E. obtusa. 
Heads oblong; bristles not longer than the akenes ........... - 4. E. monticola. 
Styles 3-cleft; akenes 3-angled. 
Tubercles broad and short; akenes ribbed _....................... : 5. FE. acicularis. 
Tubercles subulate; akenes smooth ..................-.-.------- 6. EF, rostellata. 
1. Eleocharis capitata (L.) R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. 1: 225. 1810. 
Scirpus capitatus L. Sp. Pl. 1: 48. 1753. 
Type Locatiry: “ Habitat in Virginia.” 
Rance: Washington to Maryland and Florida. 
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Lake Chelan, Lake & Hull, August, 1892. 
2. Eleocharis palustris (L.) Roem. & Schult. Syst. 2: 151. 1817. 
Scirpus palustris L. Sp. Pl. 1: 47. 1753. 
Type LocaLity: European. 
RANGE: Subarctic and Temperate North America. Europe. Asia. 
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: West Seattle, Piper, May, 1891; Smith 1006; Seattle, Smit, 
