198 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 
3. Zygadenus venenosus S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 14: 279. 1879. | Deatn cAMas. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Salinas Valley, ‘‘among hills,” Monterey County, California, according 
to the label on the type specimen. Collected by Brewer. 
Rance: British Columbia to California. 
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Clallam County, Elmer 2493; Humptulips, Lamb 1185; Whidby 
Island, Gardner 294; Lopez Island, Lyall in 1858; Tacoma, Flett 893; Admiralty Head, 
Piper,.May, 1898; Fort Vancouver, Tolmie; Snoqualmie, Smith 1060; Steilacoom, Piper 
211; Muckleshoot Prairie, Ruhn; Spokane Valley, Lyall in 1861; Falcon Valley, Suksdorf 
515; Klickitat River, Flett 1120; Pullman, Piper 1672, Elmer 831; without locality, 
Vasey in 1889, 
ZONAL DISTRIBUTION: Transition. 
This species as here accepted is quite variable, but none of the forms seems susceptible 
of segregation. The western Washington forms are more nearly typical, having the glands 
of the perianth very distinctly limited. The poisonous qualities of the bulb of this plant 
are certainly much exaggerated, if indeed there is any real basis in fact for its reputed 
virulence. 
The Washington specimens referred by Hooker @ to Leimanthium nuttallii and by 
Cooper > to Anticlea nuttallit and A. douglasti are with little doubt Zygadenus venenosus. 
CONVALLARIACEAE. Lily or THE VALLEY FAMILy. 
Leaves reduced to scales; branches thread-like, green... ....-._.. ASPARAGUS (p. 202). 
Leaves foliaceous; branches not thread-like. 
Plant producing but one flower. 
Leaves three in a whorl......-...-.-22.-222.-2.-2-.--.- TRILLIUM (p. 198). 
Leaves all basal, not whorled....-. 2.2.2.2. 222222-22--- CLINTONIA (p. 199). 
Plant producing several to many flowers. 
Inflorescence a raceme or panicle. 
Perianth segments six..-.-.-.......2.-.22-------- VAGNERA (p. 199). 
Perianth segments four..................----.-.-- Uniro.ium (p. 200). 
Inflorescence an umbel or flowers solitary. 
Flowers terminal on the branches, solitary or umbelled. Disporum (p. 201). 
Flowers axillary, usually solitary. 
Perianth narrowly campanulate...........-.. SrrEPToPUS (p. 201). 
Perianth rotate....................-.-2------ Kruusea (p. 202). 
TRILLIUM. 
Flowers white, becoming purplish, peduncled. 
Leaves rhombic-ovate; rhizome horizontal; petals much longer 
than the sepals ....... 2.22.22. -2-2-.-220-222-22-2-22.-2-.- 1. T. ovatum. 
Leaves ovate; rhizome vertical; petals scarcely longer than the 
sepals... 2.222222 222222 eee eee eee 2. T. crassifolium. 
Flowers sessile. 
Leaves sessile, mottled; petals whitish ............2..22...... 3. T. chloropetalum. 
Leaves petioled, not mottled; petals brown-purple ............. 4. T. petiolatum. 
1. Trillium ovatum Pursh, Fl. 1: 245. 1814. W AKE-ROBIN. 
Trillium obovatum Hook. FI. Bor. Am. 2: 180. 1839. 
Type Loca.ity: ‘On the rapids of the Columbia River.”” Collected by Lewis, April 10, 
1806, on which date he was at the foot of the Cascades of the Columbia. 
RancE: British Columbia to California and Idaho. 
@ Flora Bor. Am. 2: 177. b Pac. R. Rep. 127: 69. 
