PIPER—FLORA OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON. 5381 
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Clallam County, Elmer 2740; Seattle, Piper; Nisqually Valley, 
Allen 302; Wenache, Whited 1248; Ellensburg, Whited, June 6, 1897: Olympia, Heller 
4050; Egbert Springs, Sandberg & Leiberg 363; Lake Chelan, Lake & Hull 546: Blue 
Mountains, Piper, August 2, 1896; Pullman, Piper 1726; without locality, Brandegee 809; 
without locality, Vasey 289; Clarks Springs, Areager 73, 560; Rattlesnake Mountains, 
Cotton 757; Stehekin, Griffiths & Cotton 224. 
ZONAL DISTRIBUTION: Transition, especially Arid. 
The name Sambucus coerulea Raf. Alsographia Am. 48. 1838, undoubtedly pertains to 
our plant, but it may be questioned if it is really published. Rafinesque bases the name 
wholly upon a brief mention in the journals of Lewis and Clark of an elder with blue 
berries. 
2. Sambucus callicarpa Greene, Fl. Fran. 342. 1892. 
Sambucus racemosa arborescens (Nutt.) Torr. & Gr. Fl. N. Am. 2: 13. 1841, not 8. arbor- 
‘escens Gilib. 1: 5. 1792. 
Sambucus leiosperma Leiberg, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 11: 40. 1897. 
Sambucus pubens Michx. var. Cooper Pac. R. Rep. 12?: 64. 1860. 
Sambucus arborescens Howell, Fl. N. W. Am. 279. 1900. 
Type Locatity: “By streams *- * * along the Coast Range,” California. 
Rance: British Columbia to California in the coast region. 
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Clallam County, Elmer 2737; Skokomish River, Kincaid in 1890: 
Seattle, Piper in 1887; Montesano, Heller 3922; Cape Disappointment, Engelmann & Sar- 
gent, July 13, 1880; Silverton, Bouck 95; Bridge Creek, Elmer 662; Cascade Mountains 
to Fort Colville, latitude 49°, Lyall in 1860; Stevens Pass, Whited 1435; without locality 
Vasey in 1889; Nason Creek, Sandberg & Leiberg 670; Skagit Pass, Lake & Hull 545; 
Wenache region, Brandegee 808 (the last two specimens have the nutlets somewhat rugose). 
ZONAL DISTRIBUTION: Humid Transition. 
The fruit is usually brilliant scarlet, but occasionally yellow. Along the bluff between 
Seattle and Everett the great majority of the plants have the fruit chestnut-colored, but 
the plants are otherwise identical with the ordinary scarlet-fruited form. 
3. Sambucus melanocarpa A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 19: 76. 1883. 
Type Loca.ity: “First collected in New Mexico by Fendler.” 
Rance: Washington and Montana to California and New Mexico. 
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Mount Adams, Suksdorf 1664, 327; Blue Mountains, Piper 
2452, Mount Carlton, Kreager 246. 
ZONAL DISTRIBUTION: Canadian. 
5. VIBURNUM. 
Cyme radiant, that is the outer flowers neutral and enlarged. .....-- - 1. V. opulus. 
Cyme not radiant. 
Leaves roundish, mostly 3-lobed....... 22.22... -22.-2-2------- 2. V. pauciflorum. 
Leaves oval to elliptic, dentate... .. 2222.22.22 2 eee 3. V. ellipticum. 
1. Viburnum opulus L. Sp. PI. 1: 268. 1753. 
Viburnum opulus americanum Ait. Hort. Kew. 1: 373. 1789. 
Type Locatity: European. 
RanGeE: British Columbia to New Brunswick, south to Oregon and Pennsylvania. 
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Cape Horn, Piper 4976. Reported by Lyall@ as occurring on 
Sumas River, latitude 49°. 
ZONAL DISTRIBUTION: Humid Transition. 
2. Viburnum pauciflorum Pylaie; Torr. & Gr. Fl. 2: 17.1841. Hiau Busi CRANBERRY. — 
Viburnum acerifolium L. err. det. Bong. Mem. Acad. St. Peterb. VI. 2: 144. 1832. 
Type Locauity: Newfoundland. 
a Journ. Linn. Soc. 7: 135. 1864. 
