PIPER—-FLORA OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON. 549 
1. Lactuca spicata (Lam.) A. 8. Hitchcock, Trans. Acad. St. Louis 5: 506. 1891. 
Sonchus spicatus Lam. Encyc. 3: 401. 1789. 
Sonchus leucophaeus Willd. Sp. Pl. 3:1520. 1803. 
Mulgedium leucophaeum DC. Prod. 7: 250. 1838. 
Lactuca leucophaea A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 19: 73, 1883. 
Tyre Locauity: ‘Carolina.’ . 
Rance: British Columbia to Newfoundland, south to Oregon and Carolina. 
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Cascade Mountains, latitude 49°, Lyall in 1859; Seattle, Piper; 
Nisqually Valley, Allen 126a; Falcon Valley, Suksdorf 429; Nason Creek, Sandberg & 
Leiberg 615; Waitsburg, Horner 11. 
ZONAL DISTRIBUTION: Transition. 
2. Lactuca scariola integrata Gren. & Godr. FI. Fr. 2: 320. 1850. 
PRICKLY LETTUCE, 
Type Locauity: France. 
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Rock Island, Sandberg & Leiberg 467; North Yakima, Watt, 
August, 1895; Pullman, Piper, August 15, 1894; Wawawai, Piper, 1615; Spokane, Areager 
580. 
3. Lactuca pulchella (Pursh) DC. Prod. 7: 134. 1838. BLUE LETTUCE, 
Sonchus pulchellus Pursh, Fl. 2: 502. 1814, 
Type Ltocauity: “On the banks of the Missouri.’’ 
Rance: British Columbia to Saskatchewan, south to California and New Mexico. 
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Ellensburg, Whited 567; North Yakima, Watt, August, 1895; 
Beaver Creek, Whited 30; Fort Vancouver, Tolmie; Cascade Mountains to Colville, 
Lyall in 1860; Cow Creek, Lyall in 1860; Lake Chelan, Lake & Hull, August 4, 1892; Egbert 
Springs, Sandberg & Leiberg 422; Coulee City, Lake & Hull, August 7, 1892; Wilson Creek, 
Lake & Hull 808; Wawawai, Elmer 895; Box Canyon, Kreager 390; without locality, 
Vasey 570. 
ZONAL DISTRIBUTION: Arid Transition. 
SONCHUS. Sow THISTLE. 
Heads large, involucre glandular-pubescent.....-.---.--------+-+------- 1. S. arvensis. 
Heads medium-sized; involucre glabrous. 
Leaves prickly-toothed; auricles rounded ......-.----------------- 2. S. asper. 
Leaves with soft teeth; auricles acute. ......-.------------------- 3. S. oleraceus, 
1. Sonchus arvensis L. Sp. Pl. 2: 793. 1758. 
Type LocaLiry: European. 
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Whidby Island, Gardner 150; mouth of Naches River, Paper 
2666. 
2. Sonchus asper (L.) Hill, Herb. Brit. 1: 47. 1769. 
Sonchus oleraceus asper L. Sp. Pl. 2: 794, 1753. 
Type LocaLity: European. 
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: North Yakima, Watt, August, 1895; Tukanon River, Lake, July 2, 
1892; Pullman, Hull 807. 
8. Sonchus oleraceus L. Sp. PI. 2: 794. 1753. 
Type LOCALITY: European. 
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Seattle, Piper, July 10, 1895. 
