PIPER—FLORA OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON. 571 
Leaves serrate, not firm; bracts not rigid, loose... -.-.- - 5... A. major. 
Involucre not viscid or glandular. 
Heads less than 1 cm. broad. 
Rays purple; involucre turbinate .........----------- 6. A. amethystinus. 
Rays usually white; involucre campanulate. 
Herbage harshly puberulent.........-..-.-------- 7. A. multiflorus. 
Herbage not harshly puberulent. 
Involucral bracts acute ......-.------------- 8. A. oreganus. 
Involucral bracts obtuse .........----------- 9. A. hallit. 
Heads more than 1 cm. broad. 
Involucral bracts closely appressed, mainly coriaceous. 
Akenes glabrous. 
Leaves glaucous, entire ........-.---------- 10. A. laevis. 
Leaves green, serrate, glabrous .........-... Ll. A. elmer. 
Akenes pubescent ; leaves puberulent, entire -..-.. 12. A. jessicae. 
Involucral bracts looser, largely herbaceous. 
Leaves few, large, scarcely reduced upward, the 
cauline with auriculate or clasping bases. 
Heads solitary or few, long-peduncled; leaves 
dark green, usually glabrous. ............- 18. A. foliaceus. 
Heads several; stems leafy to the top; leaves 
thin, pale, usually pubescent ........-.-- - - 14. A. cusickii. 
Leaves numerous, either small, or much reduced 
upward: cauline sessile, not at all auriculate. 
Pubescent throughout; involucral bracts 
herbaceous, lanceolate, flat.........-.----- 15, A. wattii. 
Glabrous or nearly so; involucral bracts nar- 
row, acute. 
Involucral bracts, at least the outer ones, 
foliaceous and passing into the leaves. 
Leaves firm, entire, numerous -. .. - - 16. A. eatont. 
Leaves thinner, less numerous, usually 
serrate near the middle ........-- 17. A. douglasii. 
Involucral bracts not at all foliaceous. 
Heads corymbose. 
Leaves scrrulate, those of the 
inflorescence much reduced. . 18. A. occidentalis. 
Leaves entire, those of the inflo- 
rescence not much reduced... 19. A. fremontii. 
Heads solitary, naked-pedunculate... 20. A. stenomeres. 
1. Aster conspicuus Lindl. Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 7. 1834. 
Aster macdougalii Coult. & Fisher, Bot. Gaz. 18: 301. 1893, 
Type Locauity: “Carlton House.’’ Collected by Drummond. 
Rance: British Columbia to Saskatchewan south to Oregon and Montana. 
SPECIMENS EXAMINED. Peshastin, Sandberg & Leiberg 494; footbills near Wenache, W hited 
6, 1290, 1294; Ophir, Elmer 529; Lake Chelan, Lake & Hull 692, Alma, Elmer 538; Fort 
Colville, Lyall in 1860; Geyer; Spokane County, Suksdorf 927; Kamiak Butte, Piper; near 
Colton, Piper, July, 1898; Blue Mountains, Piper, July and August, 1896. 
ZONAL DISTRIBUTION: Arid Transition. 
2. Aster radulinus A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 8: 388. 1872. 
Aster radula Less. Linnaea 6: 125. 1831, not Ait. 1789. 
Type Locauity: “In California.” Collected by Chamisso. 
Rance: Washington to California. 
