FINK—THE LICHENS OF MINNESO'YA. 89 
There are two subspecies of this plant, also, recognized in Europe, but scarcely 
to be distinguished in our material. The present species is on the whole better devel- 
oped than the last and distinct from it, but the so-called subspecies porriginosa of the 
last is in some respects intermediate, as are other forms met in collecting. 
Distribution in the State as general as that of the closely related Bacidia rubella. 
On trees and rarely on rocks. 
North American distribution also as in the last. Well known in Europe and Asia 
and doubtless more widely distributed. 
Biatora fuscorubella of the preliminary reports. 
3a. Bacidia fuscorubella suffusa (Fr.) Fink. 
Biatora suffusa Fr. Syst. Orb. Veg. 285. 1825. 
Thallus quite similar to that of the last; apothecia on the whole larger, 1.75 to 2mm. 
in diameter, with rather stouter exciple and the whole surface usually suffused with a 
white powder; internally like the last, except that the spores are slightly narrower, 
2.5 to 3.5 » wide. 
No. 102 of Lichenes Boreali-Americani, collected at Fayette, Iowa, is the best rep- 
resentative generally distributed, though some of this is hardly the subspecies. 
Reported from Mankato, Granite Falls, and Red Lake, but some of the material is 
doubtless not the subspecies. On trees. 
Tuckerman credited the plant with probably the same North American range as 
the species, but considered the subspecies a distinct species. Known also in Europe, 
but further distribution can not be given in the present state of synonymy. 
Biatora suffusa of the preliminary survey. 
4. Bacidia schweinitzii (Tuck.) Fink. 
Biatora schweinitziti Tuck. in Darl. Fl. Cestr. ed. 3. 447. 1853. 
Thallus composed of rounded and often crowded or even heaped granules, these 
frequently compacted into a continuous or scattered and commonly widely spread, 
chinky or verrucose, sea-green to olivaceous crust, this thin and somewhat incon- 
spicuous or sometimes thicker and better developed than in any of the preceding, 
sometimes becoming ash-colored; apothecia middle-sized or larger, 0.6 to 1.75 mm. 
in diameter, sessile or adnate, flat or slightly convex, commonly dark brown or black 
and becoming flexuous, the exciple rather thick and lighter-colored or of same color, 
frequently becoming quite flexuous; hypothecium yellowish to dark brown; hyme- 
nium pale to yellowish, or sometimes bluish or pale violet above; paraphyses simple 
or rarely branched, commonly thickened and darker toward the apex; asci long- 
clavate; spores about 7 to 15-celled, 40 to 70 » long and 2.5 to 3.5 » wide. 
Collected in the Misquah Hills, on Oak Island, and at Harding. The plants from 
the second locality were unusually well developed, with conspicuous thallus and 
large apothecia and spores. On trees, especially cedars in swamps. 
A strictly North American plant, distributed widely east of the Mississippi River, 
from the southern United States northward into British America. 
5. Bacidia endoleuca (Nyl.) Kickx, Fl. Crypt. Fland. 1: 261. 1867. 
Biatora luteola endoleuca Nyl. Nya Bot. Notis. 98. 1853. 
Thallus composed of minute granules, these compacted into a thin, smoothish, 
chinky or finally chinky-verrucose, commonly widely spread, sea-green, ashy or 
rarely darker crust, rarely disappearing; apothecia small, 0.5 to 0.75 mm. in diameter, 
sessile or adnate, at first slightly concave with a somewhat elevated and thick exciple, 
but soon convex and immarginate, the disk and exciple blackish brown to black; 
hypothecium pale to reddish brown or brown; hymenium pale below and brownish 
or brownish-violet above; paraphyses simple or rarely branched, commonly thick- 
ened and darker above; asci long-clavate; spores most commonly about 8-celled (4 to 
16, according to Fries), 30 to 65 » long and 2.5 to 4.5 » wide. 
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