FINK—THE LICHENS OF MINNESOTA. 131 
KEY TO THE SPECIES 
Branches of the podetia smooth and naked below.......------- 1. S. coralloides. 
Branches of the podetia not always smooth and naked below. 
Branches of the podetia often slightly tomentose between 
the phyllocladia..............--.------+--+--+-e- 25 20-- 2. S. paschale. 
Branches of the podetia densely white-tomentose......... 3. S. tomentosum. 
1. Stereocaulon coralloides Fr. Sched. Crit. Lich. Exsice. Suec. 4: 24. 1827. 
PLaTE 18. 
Podetia erect or ascending, occuring in dense clusters, 3 to 7.5 cm. long, rather 
slender and irregularly compressed-cylindrical, much branched above, smooth and 
naked below, sea-green varying toward ashy or brownish; phyllocladia more or 
less scattered, ashy-whitish, passing into digitately divided, coralloid, commonly 
crowded branchlets; apothecia small to middle-sized, 0.3 to 2 mm. in diameter, ter- 
minal or subterminal and often more or less clustered, the disk commonly brown, at 
first flat and surrounded by the lighter-colored exciple, but becoming convex and 
the exciple disappearing; hypothecium pale; hymenium pale or brownish below and 
darker above; paraphyses simple or rarely branched, commonly enlarged and brownish 
toward the apex; asci clavate or narrowly-clavate; spores commonly 4-celled, 20 to 35 
long and 3 to 4.5 « wide. 
Collected on Carlton Peak. On humus over rocks. 
In the mountains of New England and South Carolina, and common northward 
throughout British America. Known also in Europe and Asia. 
2. Stereocaulon paschale (L.) Hoffm. Deutsch. Fl. 130. 1795. 
Lichen paschalis L. Sp. Pl. 1153. 1753. 
Podetia erect, ascending, or subdecumbent, somewhat longer than those of the last, 
3.5 to 10 cm. long, usually rather slender, but somewhat stouter than those of the 
last, occurring in dense clusters, the clusters sometimes 20 cm. in diameter, more 
or less compressed and somewhat irregularly cylindrical, slightly tomentose or nearly 
naked, much branched; phyllocladia ashy or varying toward sea-green, passing into 
short squamulose and crenate branchlets; apothecia terminal or subterminal, on the 
whole somewhat larger than in the last, brown or reddish brown, the disk flat and 
with lighter proper exciple or becoming more or less convex and the exciple disap- 
pearing; hypothecium pale; hymenium commonly of the same color below and 
brownish above, or both hypothecium and hymenium darker; paraphyses simple or 
rarely branched, commonly enlarged and brownish toward the apex; asci clavate; 
spores much as in the last, but becoming more than 4-celled more frequently. 
Distributed throughout the northern portion of the State and once collected as far 
south as Redwood Falls. On humus over rocks. 
Found in New England and northward throughout British America and Alaska. 
Known in Europe and Asia. 
3. Stereocaulon tomentosum Fr. Sched. Crit. Lich. Exsicc. Suec, 8: 21, 1827. 
Puate 19. 
Podetia of about the same length as those of the last, but commonly stouter and 
somewhat more regularly cylindrical, also rather more loosely tufted and even sub- 
solitary, densely whitish-tomentose, divaricately branched, ‘the branches much 
divided above; phyllocladia grayish white or perhaps more commonly varying 
toward greenish, becoming squamule-like and blunt-toothed or finger-lobed, crowded 
on the upper side, but almost wanting beneath; apothecia in ours at least rather 
smaller or even minute, scarcely reaching more than 0.75 mm. in diameter, subter- 
minal or lateral, frequently more or less clustered, the disk brown, at first flattish 
and surrounded by the exciple, soon becoming convex and the exciple disappearing; 
hypothecium pale; hymenium pale or brownish below and darker above; paraphyses 
