156 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM 
Found in the mountains of the United States and descending to lower altitudes in 
the extreme northern portion and in British America and Alaska. Known in all of the 
grand divisions except Asia. 
4. Sticta limbata (Turn.) Ach. Meth. Lich. 280. 1803. 
Lichen limbatus Turn. in Sowerby, Engl. Bot. 16: pl. 1104. 1802. 
Thallus rather loosely attached to the substratum, usually orbicular in outline 
with short rounded lobes, rather small, ours being only 2.5 to 4 cm. in diameter, 
smooth above or sometimes slightly scrobiculate, usually monophyllous, sometimes 
more or less sorediate toward or along the margins (not in ours); usually brown but 
varying toward lead-color, below paler and clothed with rhizoids forming a soft nap, 
in which are to be found the whitish depressed cyphellie; apothecia scattered over 
the upper surface, adnate, convex, the thalloid margin disappearing early, the disk 
a dull black; small, 0.5 to | mm. in diameter; hypothecium brownish; hymenium 
brownish toward the base and darker brown above; paraphyses simple or branched, 
the apex thickened and brownish; asci clavate or ovate-clavate; spores brown, 
2-celled, oblong-ovate, constricted, 15 to 20 ” long and 5 to 7 » wide. 
Once collected in the State. On trees at Tofte. 
Previously reported in North America from Oregon, Alaska, and Labrador, Also 
known in Europe and a subspecies in Africa. 
5. Sticta fuliginosa (Dicks.) Ach. Lich. Suec. 158, 257. 1798. Figure 12. 
Lichen fuliginosus Dicks. Pl. Crypt. Brit. 1: 13, 1785. 
Thallus rather loosely attached to 
a SERS ices oeBY, the substratum, more or less orbicular 
wus : Da iy 
Wry 
in outline, middle-sized, 2.5to 12cm, 
in diameter; more deeply lobed than 
the last, but the lobes still rounded, 
smooth above or slightly scrobiculate 
or more or less clothed with blackish 
granules, usually brownish above but 
frequently varying toward gray or 
lead-color, below paler and clothed 
with rhizoids, these forming a soft 
nap, in which are embedded the 
concave whitish cyphelle; apothecia 
usually marginal, smallish, about | 
mm. in diameter, the thalloid exciple 
evanescent, the disk convex and 
reddish brown; spores pale or hyaline, 
2 to 4-celled, 25 to 434 long and 7 to 
9» wide. Ours sterile, the spore and 
apothecial characters from Nylander. 
Confined to the northwestern por- 
tion of the State, occurring as far 
Fig. 12.—Sticta fuliginosa, showing a section of the east and south as Tower. Usually 
thallus. a, The upper cortex; 6, thealgal layer; ¢, the on cedars in swamps. The species 
medullary layer; d, the lower cortex; e, the rhizoids. . 
Enlarged 500 diameters. From Sachs. is so near to the last that the two are 
very difficult of separation. 
A widely distributed species in North America. Known in all the grand divisions 
except possibly Asia. 
6. Sticta quercizans (Michx.) Ach. Syn. Lich. 234. 1814. 
Lobaria quercizans Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 324. 1803. 
Thallus more closely attached to the substratum, more or less orbicular in outline, 
middle-sized or large, 5 to 17.5 cm. in diameter, the lobes somewhat longer and 
