FINK—THE LICHENS OF MINNESOTA. 179 
* 
The plant is definitely reported from various points in British America. Thus 
apparently arctic or alpine. Known also from northern Europe and Asia. 
7d. Lecanora subfusca argentata Ach. Lich. Univ. 393. 1810. 
Parmelia subfusca argentata Ach, Meth, Lich. 169. 1803. 
Thallus rather thin and smooth, whitish; apothecia smaller, scarcely ever exceeding 
1.5 mm. in diameter, the exciple usually entire; spores rather small. 
Generally distributed over the State. On trees. Probably the most common sub- 
species, though less easily noted than the next. 
Though seldom recorded, no doubt generally distributed over North America, 
Known also in South America and Europe. 
Ve. Lecanora subfusca coilocarpa Ach. Lich. Univ. 393. 1810. 
Thallus rather thin, but becoming more or less granulose and chinky, whitish; 
apothecia rather small, scarcely exceeding 1.25 mm. in diameter, flat or slightly con- 
cave, the disk black and the exciple usually entire. The whole structure may become 
coarser, with larger apothecia, the black disk being still present. 
The most noticeable subspecies and generally distributed over the State, On 
trees and more rarely on rocks. 
No doubt occuring in all portions of North America, Known also in South America 
and Europe. 
7f. Lecanora subfusca distans (Ach.) Nyl. Not. Sallsk. Faun. Flor. Fenn. 5: 160. 
1861. 
Parmelia distans Ach. Meth. Lich. 168. 1803. 
Thallus thin and whitish; apothecia small or minute, 0.5 to 1 mm. in diameter, the 
disk pale brown or flesh-colored, the exciple subentire or obscurely crenulate; spores 
the smallest of the species. 
The plant was collected at Mankato, On sandstone, but doubtless occuring else- 
where in the State on trees. Easily passed over for a Lecidea or Rinodina. 
Like the other subspecies, not often noted, yet doubtless widely distributed in 
North America, Known in all of the grand divisions. 
7g. Lecanora subfusca sorediifera Th. Fr. Lich, Scand. 1: 239. 1859. 
Thallus commonly verrucose, breaking more or less into conspicuous whitish soredia; 
apothecia rather small, absent or few, the exciple entire or obscurely crenulate; said 
to disappear sometimes. 
Generally distributed over the northern portion of the State. On trees, Also 
occurs farther south in the State and in Iowa, but has thus far been met only in 
the sterile condition, 
Apparently not noted elsewhere in North America. Known in Europe. 
Lecanora variolascens is the synonym of the preliminary reports. 
8. Lecanora hageni Ach. Lich. Univ. 367. 1810. PuaTe 34, A. 
Lichen hageni Ach. Lich. Suec. 57. 1798. 
Thallus crustose, smooth and thin, but passing into leprose-verrucose or verrucose 
conditions, limited in size or widely spread over the substratum, the scales or verrucze 
sometimes more or less scattered or the whole thallus disappearing, without definite 
cortex, dirty-greenish, ashy or whitish; apothecia small or minute, 0.4 to 1 mm. in 
diameter, commonly flat, thin and adnate, the disk from pale brown to blackish and 
sometimes more or less gray-pruinose, the exciple usually whitish and almost always 
more or less crenate, rarely flexuous or disappearing; hypothecium pale or slightly 
brownish; hymenium pale throughout or brownish above; paraphyses simple or 
rarely branched, sometimes slightly enlarged and darker toward the apex; asci cla- 
vate; spores oblong-ellipsoid, 7 to 14 » long and 4 to 6 » wide. 
