230 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 
I have a specimen from New York and one from New Hampshire. No further 
definite information as to North American distribution is at hand. Known also in 
South America, Europe, and Asia. 
11. Physcia adglutinata (Iloerke) Nyl. Syn. Meth. Lich, 1: 428. 1858. 
Lecanora adglutinata Floerke, Deutsch, Lich. 4: 7. 1815, 
Thallus small and thin, 12 to 35 mm. in diameter, or irregularly scattered over the 
substratum, closely adnate or even adglutinate, the lobes usually elongated and 
branched, but closely crowded and difficult to trace, the ends rounded or crenate, 
toward the center disappearing for the most part in a granulose crust; sea-green vary- 
ing toward ashy or brownish, below whitish or sometimes darker, rarely bearing 
scattered rhizoids; apothecia small, 0.45 to 1.75 mm. in diameter, sessile, the disk 
flat, blackish brown, the margin entire or subcrenulate, scarcely ciliate; hypothecium 
pale brownish; hymenium pale below and brownish above; paraphyses commonly 
branched toward the enlarged and usually brownish apex; asci clavate; spores ellip- 
soid or oblong, 13 to 21 » long and 7 to 9.5 4 wdie. ° 
Found in several widely separate localities in the State and no doubt generally 
distributed, though easily overlooked or confused with small forms of the last species. 
On trees. 
Generally distributed over North America except perhaps at the extreme north. 
Known also in South America, Europe, and Asia. 
PYXINE Fr. Syst. Orb. Veg. 267. 1825. 
The thallus is foliose, closely adnate or even adglutinate, more or less lobed and 
imbricated, and has a more or less developed cellular cortex above, but none beneath, 
while the algal and medullary layers are well developed and in the usual position 
for dorsiventral thalli. The lower surface is more or less clothed with dark rhizoids, 
and the hyphe of the lower side of the thallus are also black or blackish, thus coloring 
the whole lower surface. Soredia are very common on the upper surface in our 
single species, The algal symbiont is Cystococcus. 
The apothecia are sessile on the upper surface of the thallus. They are rather 
small in size and possess a thalloid exciple inclosing a brown or blackish proper one. 
The thalloid exciple, especially in our species, is likely to become blackened, in 
which case the apothecium has a lecideoid appearance externally. The hypothe- 
cium is more or less cellular and brown or blackish brown. The hymenium is com- 
monly pale-brownish. The paraphyses are commonly simple, with the apex thick- 
ened and brownish. The spores are 2-celled and brown, though undoubted members 
of the genus show 4-celled conditions. 
Pyxine is closely related to Physcia, though the deceptive lecideoid appearance 
of the apothecium frequently obscures the relationship in some of the species, Like 
the latter species, Pyxine is also closely related to Rinodina. 
The species are mostly southern, and only a single one occurs in Minnesota. 
The plants commonly occur on trees, but are found less often on rocks. 
Type species Lecidea sorediata Ach. Syn. Meth. Lich. 54, 1814, (Pyxine sorediata 
(Ach.) Fr.) 
Pyxine sorediata (Ach.) Fr. in Sagra, Hist. Cuba 9: 124. 1845. PuaTeE 48. 
Lecidea sorediata Ach. Syn. Meth. Lich. 54. 1814. 
Thallus medium-sized or larger, 6.5 to 15 cm. in diameter, closely adnate, smooth 
or wrinkled, usually orbicular in outline, the lobes somewhat elongated, subdichoto- 
mously branched, more or less imbricated, the ends rounded or crenate, usually 
covered more or less with white or gray soredia; sea-green or varying toward ashy 
or olivaceous, beneath black, or lighter toward the margin, with rhizoids of the same 
colors, commonly more or less sulphur-colored within; apothecia rather small, 0.75 
