HITCHCOCK AND CHASE—-NORTH AMERICAN PANICUM. 127 
71. Panicum verrucosum Muhl. 
Panicum debile Ell. Bot. S. C. & Ga. 1: 129. 1816, not Desf. 1798. Nospecimen nor 
locality is cited. The type was not found in the Elliott Herbarium but the descrip- 
tion clearly identifies the species. 
Panicum verrucosum Muhl. Descr. Gram. 113.1817. ‘‘Habitat in N. Ceesarea, Dela- 
ware, et Georgia.’’? The type isin the Muhlenberg Herbarium. On the sheet is written 
‘‘verrucosum”’ but there is nothing to indicate from which of the three States cited 
the specimen came. 
Panicum umbraculum Bosc; Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1: 314. 1825. This and the follow- 
ing are names found in the Willdenow Herbarium, on specimens collected by Bosc, 
and published as synonyms of P. verrucosum Muhl. Both belong to this species. 
Panicum rugosum Bosc; Spreng. loc. cit. 
DESCRIPTION. 
Plants bright green, solitary or few together, lax, at first erect but soon decumbent 
at base, and ascending or widely spreading; culms slender, 20 cm. to 1.5 meters high; 
sheaths shorter than the internodes, ciliate; blades 
thin, lax, flat, 5 to 20 cm. long, 4 to 10 mm. wide, 
somewhat narrowed toward the base, gradually nar- 
rowed to the acuminate apex, glabrous; panicles 
finally exserted, 5 to 30 cm. long, about as wide, 
diffuse, small panicles often produced at the lower 
nodes, at least the ultimate branchlets scabrous, the 
branches mostly solitary, the branchlets bearing a 
Fig. 121.—P. verrucosum. From type few short-pediceled spikelets, mostly in twos, toward 
specimen. the ends; spikelets 1.8 to 2.1 mm. long, about | mm. 
wide, elliptic-obovate, subacute; first glume one- 
fourth the length of the spikelet or less; second glume and sterile lemma warty, 
glabrous, the glume shorter than the fruit at maturity; fruit 1.8 to 2 mm. long, 1 mm. 
wide, elliptic, acute. 
DISTRIBUTION. 
Wet, mostly shady soil, Atlantic Coastal Plain, Massachusetts to Florida and Texas; 
also in Indiana and Tennessee. 
MAssAcHUSETTS: Springfield, Andrews 23; Plymouth, Oakes. 
New York: Staten Island, Tyler 
in 1898. 
New Jersey: Atsion, Chase 3546; 
Egg Harbor, Scribner in 1886, 
Vasey in 1884; Englishtown, 
Pearce in 1884. 
PENNSYLVANIA: Tinicum, Diffen- 
baugh in 1868, Smith 99. 
InpiaANA: Dune Park, Chase 918, 
Hill 177 in 1898. 
DELAWARE: Ellendale, Commons 
231. Fig, 122.—Distribution of P. verrucosum. 
MARYLAND: Eastern Shore, Canby. 
District or CoLumsBia: Chase 5440, Dewey 408, Kearney in 1895; Steele in 
1896, Ward in 1878 and 1879. 
VirGINIA: Parksley, Warburton in 1903; Munden, Mackenzie 1671; Portsmouth, 
Noyes 84; Virginia Beach, Britton in 1895, Hitchcock 164, Kearney 2053; 
Suffolk, Boettcher 471; Dismal Swamp, Chase 3660. 
