HITCHCOCK AND CHASE—NORTH AMERICAN PANICUM. 327 
Cusa: Laguna Castillano, Baker 4334; Sancti Spiritus, Leén 903; without locality, 
Wright 3466. 
Jamaica: Gordon Town, Hart 726; Port Antonio, Maron 2109. 
CoLomBtIa: Santa Marta, Smith 169. 
VENEZUELA: Tovar, Fendler 1634 (Gray Herb.). 
Tosaco: Eggers 5810. 
TRINIDAD: Broadway 2563, Botanic Gardens Herb, 2286, 3188. 
British Guiana: Jenman 6001. 
Dutcu Guiana: Surinam, Hostmann (Gray Herb.). 
Braziu: Santarem, Spruce 706; San Gabriel da Cachoeira, Spruce 2344; Organ 
Mountains, Wilkes Expl. Exped. 8; Rio Janeiro, Widgren in 1844; without 
locality, Riedel 960. 
Paraauay: Morong 536, 1001. 
Ecuapor: Recreo, Eggers 15422 (Field Mus. Herb.). 
196. Panicum gymnocarpon Ell. 
Panicum gymnocarpon Ell. Bot. S. ©. & Ga. 1: 117. 1816. ‘‘Colleeted near 
Savannah, by Dr. Baldwin.’’ The type, in the Elliott Herbarium, consists of the 
upper part of a culm, being a panicle and the uppermost leaf. 
Panicum monachnoides Desv. Opusc. 86. 1831. ‘‘Habitat in Brasilio.’’ The type 
is in the Desvaux Herbarium. The locality given is doubtless an error as is the case 
with many of Desvaux’s specimens. 
Panicum drummondii Nees; Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. 1:63. 1854. ‘‘ Drum[m]ond legit 
in N. Orleans.’’ In the Berlin Herbarium is a specimen labeled ‘‘ Panicum Drum- 
mondii N. ab E. in Herb. Lindh. New Orleans n. 574,”’ which is probably the type. 
Phanopyrum gymnocarpum Nash in Small, Fl. Southeast. U. S. 104, 1903. Based 
on Panicum gymnocarpon Ell. Rafinesque@ proposed Phanopyrum as a section of 
Panicum, including the single species P. gymnocarpon. 
This section was raised to generic rank by Nash,? the dis- 
tinguishing characters being the acuminate equal glumes 
and the short fertile lemma. This species departs somewhat 
from the usual characters of the genus Panicum, but the 
divergence does not seem sufficient to justify segregating 
the single species as the type of a separate genus. 
DESCRIPTION. 
Plants perennial, with a succulent, decumbent or creep- 
ing base, sometimes as much as 2 meters long, rooting at 
the nodes, glabrous throughout; culms erect or ascending, 
60 to 100 cm. high, rather thick and ‘succulent, nodes often 
dark colored; sheaths shorter than the internodes, sometimes 
ciliate near the summit, ligules membranaceous, about 1 mm. 
long, decurrent down the margin of the sheath; blades linear- 
lanceolate, 20 to 35 em. long, or the upper and lower shorter, 
usually 15 to 25 mm. wide, flat, scarcely narrowed at the 
cordate, sparingly ciliate base, narrowed from about the mid- 
dle to the acute apex, margins very scabrous; panicles finally 
Fig. 368.—P. gymnocarpon. oy serted, 20 to 40 cm. long, about three-fourths as wide, con- 
From type specimen. . . 
sisting of several to many racemes, solitary or fascicled along 
a main axis, the racemes stiffly ascending, or somewhat spreading, the middle 8 to 
12 cm. or occasionally as much as 18 cm. long, usually spikelet-bearing from base, 
the spikelets short-pediceled on short, appressed branchlets, thus appearing in 
a Bull. Bot. Seringe 220. 1830. b Small, Fl. Southeast. U. 8. 104, 1903. 
