GOLDMAN—PLANT RECORDS OF LOWER CALIFORNIA. 355 
Opuntia clavellina Engelm. NEEDLE CACTUS. PLATE 129, A. 
A cholla cactus which Rose associates with this species was.photographed about 5 
miles north of San Andrés, between that point and Punta Prieta Ranch, while we 
were on our way across the Peninsula from Yubay, September 30, 1905, The species 
was again seen in a few places on the coastal plain between San Andrés and Rosarito. 
It was more strongly armed than any species previously seen along our route, and 
owing to the difficulty of carrying such spiny material we neglected to collect speci- 
mens during the two days’ travel in which it was encountered, fully expecting to find 
it at some of our camps, where it could be more easily handled. But we looked in vain 
for the species at San Andrés, Rosarito, and farther southward, and it therefore seems 
to be one of the rarer cactuses of the region. It is remarkable for the unusual length of 
the spines. The type came from La Purisima., 
Pachycereus pringlei (S. Wats.) Britt. & Rose. Carp6n. PLATE 130. 
Five giant cactuses of the genus Pachycereus are credited by Britton and Rose to 
Lower California, but their ranges are imperfectly known, partly owing to our inability 
clearly to distinguish some of them in the field. One or more of them occur in nearly 
every part of the Peninsula except the higher mountains, the northwest coast region, 
and the Colorado Desert. P. pringlei ranges in Sonora, and from the east base of the 
San Pedro Martir Mountains southward along the middle of the Peninsula, probably 
to beyond Calmallf. Some of the largest cactuses we saw on the Peninsula were near 
Calmall{, where one had a basal diameter of about a meter. These seemed to be of the 
pringlei type, rather than like calvus, with which we later became familiar. 
Pachycereus calvus (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose. 
CarpON. CARDON PELON. PuaAtes 181, A; 182, A. 
In the Cape District this species is called ‘‘cardén pelén” to distinguish it from 
P. pecten-aboriginum, the ‘‘cardén barbén” or ‘“cardén hecho,” which occurs with it. 
Farther north it is known simply as ‘‘cardén,”’ a name applied by the people to giant 
cactuses in general. Pachycereus calvus, so far as known, is restricted to Lower Cali- 
fornia, Its range extends northward from the Cape, probably to about latitude 28°.. 
Its northern limit was undetermined, owing to our failure to distinguish it in that 
region from pringlei. Of the 5 giant cactuses of the genus Pachycereus in Lower Cali- 
fornia, this species is by far the most abundant and generally distributed. In places, 
especially valleys and canyon bottoms along the backbone of the Peninsula, it forms 
veritable forests, and it is this species that makes up the greater part of the cactus 
forest along the road from La Paz to El Triunfo, described by Brandegee 1 and also 
observed by us. Pachycereus calvus has the same general form as pringlei, the younger 
plants having the stem slender near the base and expanding toward the tops, but it is 
a lower-growing plant, the stems becoming conspicuously bald on top as the name 
indicates. 
Pachycereus titan (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose. PLATE 131, B. 
The status of this species is not very clear. The type material was taken by Gabb 
somewhere in the region “from Cape San Lucas to San Quintin.” It may be a tall 
species confused by us in the field with P. pecten-aboriginum, in which case it probably 
does not range much north of La Paz. 
Pachycereus pecten-aboriginum (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose. 
CARDON BARBON. CARDON HECHO. PLATE 132, B. 
The popular names given are applied to this species in Lower California to distin- 
guish it from P. calvus. It is there restricted to the Cape District from near La Paz 
southward. The species was described from Hacienda San Miguel, near Batopilas, 
1 Zoe 1: 26-27. 1890. 
