WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 35 
2. Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. N. Amer. Sylv. 3: 138. 1849. 
Pinus lasiocarpa Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 163. 1842. 
Type Locauity: ‘Interior of N. W. America.’’ 
RanGE: British America to Arizona and northwestern New Mexico. 
New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Brazos Canyon; Pecos Baldy. . Mountains, in 
the Canadian Zone. 
3. Abies concolor Lindl. Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. 5: 210. 1850. BaLsAM FIR. 
Pinus concolor Engelm.; Gord. & Glend. Pinet. 155. 1858. 
TyPE Loca.ity: “Mountains of New Mexico.” 
Ranae: Oregon and California to Colorado and New Mexico. 
New Mexico: Chama; Winsors Ranch; Trinchera Pass; Sandia Mountains; 
Mogollon Mountains; White and Sacramento mountains; Capitan Mountains. Moun- 
tains, in the Canadian and Hudsonian zones. 
4. PSEUDOTSUGA Carr. DovuGLAs sPRUCE. 
Large tree; leaves solitary, short-petiolate, flat, obtuse: cones ovate-oblong, pendu- 
lous, the bracts 3-parted, longer than the scales. 
1. Pseudotsuga mucronata (Raf.) Sudw. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 3: 266. 1895. 
Abies mucronata Raf. Atl. Journ. 120. 1832. 
Abies douglasit Lindl. Penn. Cycl. 1: 32. 1833. 
Pseudotsuga douglasti Carr. Trait. Conif. ed. 2. 256. 1867. 
Pseudotsuga taxifolia Britton, Trans. N. Y. Acad. 8: 74. 1889. 
Type LocaLity: Mouth of Columbia River, Oregon. 
Rance: Alaska to Arizona and western Texas. 
New Mexico: Common in all the higher mountains from the Las Vegas, Sacramento, 
and Organ ranges westward. Mountains, chiefly in the Canadian Zone. 
This is the largest tree of the New Mexican mountains, in favorable situations over 
60 meters high, with a trunk 2 meters or more in diameter. The bark is rough and 
dark-colored; the short (25 mm. or less) and obtuse leaves are arranged like those 
of the balsam fir. It may be most easily recognized by the cones, which are rela- 
tively small, composed of persistent thin scales, with the 3-parted bracts protrud- 
ing a centimeter or more from beneath each scale. The tree occurs in mixed forests 
with yellow pine and the true spruces, at elevations ranging from 2,250 to 3,150 
meters, sometimes reaching timber line. In the northern part of the State it often 
forms extensive pure stands in which there is little or no other vegetation. The 
lumber is of good quality. In cultivation the Douglas spruce makes an excellent 
decorative tree. 
7. JUNIPERACEAE. Juniper Family. 
Low trees or shrubs with much imbricated, short, scalelike or awllike leaves; cones 
composed of fleshy or peltate scales, without bracts; fruit berry-like, dehiscent or 
indehiscent. 
KEY TO THE GENERA. 
Cones dry, woody, dehiscent.................22.-.--------- 1. Cupressus (p. 35). 
Cones fleshy, indehiscent.............-.-2.-..-------------- 2. JUNIPERUS (p. 36). 
1. CUPRESSUS L. Cypress. 
Small tree with short imbricated leaves; cones dry, woody, dehiscent, 6 to 8 mm. 
in diameter, composed of 6 to 8 peltate scales; seeds small, narrowly winged. 
1. Cupressus arizonica Greene, Bull. Torrey Club 9: 64.1882. Arizona CYPRESS. 
Cupressus benthami arizonica Masters, Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 31: 340. 1896. 
