168 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 
What is here accepted as Quercus undulata is a low, straggling shrub 1 to 3 meters 
high, with small oblong leaves 3 to 5 em. long, their margins sinuate-dentate, the 
teeth few and distinctly cuspidate but not spinulose. The leaves are firm but not 
coriaceous, and Doctor Rydberg believes them to be blue green, although from the 
type specimen and the description it is impossible to determine this. However, 
this is the common type of plant having the other characteristics ascribed to the 
species that is to be found in eastern Colorado and northeastern New Mexico, the 
region from which the type came. 
The plant here accepted is one of the two common shrubs having blue green leaves 
in the mountains of the northern part of the State. It also occurs as a low shrub high 
up on the peaks of the dry, rocky mountains of the southern part, a thousand feet or 
more above the common live oaks of that region, The acorns are rather small, 10 to 
15 mm. long, in a thickened, hemispherical cup. 
4. Quercus rydbergiana Cockerell, Torreya 3: 7. 1903. 
Quercus undulata rydbergiana Cockerell, Torreya 3: 86. 1903. 
TyPE Locauity: Las Vegas Hot Springs, New Mexico. Type collected by Cockerell. 
Rance: Mountains of the north central part of New Mexico. 
New Mexico: Las Vegas Mountains; Cebolla Springs. Transition Zone. 
A small bush, 1 meter high or less, with small (2 to 4 em. long), oblong, bluish green 
leaves with a few coarse sinuate lobelike teeth. The acorns are very small, less than 
1 cm. long, in a shallow cup whose scales are very small, numerous, and somewhat 
thickened on the back. 
This certainly is a relative. of what is here regarded as Q. undulata, and Professor 
Cockerell may be right in reducing it to a subspecies of that, but it is more easily 
separable from Q. undulata than is Q. fendleri and is more distinct’ than the various 
species or subspecies, as one chooses to consider them, that are grouped around Q. 
gambelii. There is little doubt that the various Rocky Mountain species hybridize: 
readily, as seems to be the case with the eastern members of the genus. 
5. Quercus pungens Liebm. Overs. Dansk. Vid. Selsk. Forh. 1854: 171. 1854. 
Quercus undulata wrightii Engelm. Trans. Acad. St. Louis 3: 382. 1876, in part. 
Quercus undulata pungens Engelm. Trans. Acad. St. Louis 3: 392. 1876. 
TYPE Locatity: ‘‘Texas & Nov. Mexico.—California.”’ 
Rance: Western Texas, New Mexico, southeastern Arizona, and adjacent Mexico. 
New Mexico: Sandia Mountains; Mangas Springs; Silver City; Black Range; 
Big Hatchet Mountains; Dona Ana Mountains; mountains west of San Antonio; 
Carrizalillo Mountains; Organ Mountains; Queen; Socorro Mountain, Dry, rocky 
mountains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 
A scrubby bush, 2 to 3 meters high, with small, coriaceous, spiny-toothed leaves on 
rather slender branches. Doctor Rydberg may be right in his belief that it is most 
closely related to Q. undulata, but it seems to be allied with Q. toumeyiand Q. turbinella. 
It is possible that the specimens referred in this treatment to Q. turbinella more 
properly belong to this species. 
6. Quercus turbinella Greene, W. Amer. Oaks 1: 37. 1889. 
TyPE Locatiry: Mountains of Lower California. 
Rance: Lower California to southwestern New Mexico and adjacent Mexico. 
New Mexico: Bear Mountain; Socorro; Magdalena Mountains; Cook Spring. 
Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 
A shrub (or low tree ?) with small (1 to 3 cm. long), oblong, elliptic, or oval leaves, 
bluish green above, fulvous beneath, sinuate-dentate wth spiny teeth. The acorn 
is elongated, acute, with a turbinate cup whose scales are only slightly thickened. 
It is possible, not to say probable, that further study in the field will show that true 
Q. turbinella, which was named from the Californian peninsula, does not come into 
New Mexico at all. 
