WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 169 
7. Quercus emoryi Torr. in Emory, Mil. Reconn. 152. 1848. Back OAK. 
Quercus hastata Liebm. Overs. Dansk, Vid. Selsk. Forh. 1854: 171. 1854. 
Type Locauity: ‘‘Common on the elevated country between the Del Norte and the 
Gila,’? New Mexico. The type specimen is from Pigeon Creek (Las Palomas), and 
was collected by Emory. 
Rance: Mountains of southwestern New Mexico, southeastern Arizona, extreme 
western Texas, and adjacent Mexico. 
New Mexico: Kingston; Bear Mountains; Animas Mountains; San Luis Mountains; 
Fort Bayard. Upper Sonoran Zone, occasionally extending down into the Lower 
Sonoran. 
This is the common black oak of the southwestern part of the State and is easily 
recognizable. It deserves its name, since the bark is black and thick. The leaves 
are pale yellowish green, of about the same color on both surfaces, more or less yellow- - 
ish brown pubescent on the main nerves, oblong, flat, not crispate, coarsely sinuate- 
dentate with spinulose teeth. The acorns are small and acute, with a shallow cup 
having pale yellowish brown scales not thickened on the back. They are produced 
early in the season and are much appreciated by the animals of the region. The 
species shows a tendency to hybridize. 
Quercus emoryi <X pungens. 
A specimen from the Rio Frisco, near Alma, collected in 1906 by Vernon Bailey 
(no. 1058), has the acorn cup of Q. pungens, the acorn elongated and acute as in Q. 
emoryt, while the leaves are intermediate between those of the two species. 
8. Quercus wilcoxii Rydb. Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 2: 227. 1901. 
TypE Locality: Fort Huachuca, Arizona. 
Ranae: Mountains of southern Arizona, southwestern New Mexico, and adjacent 
Mexico. 
New Mexico: San Luis Mountains; Animas Peak; Bear Mountain; Bullards Peak. 
Upper Sonoran Zone, 
Mature plants of this species are medium-sized trees, though the young plants often 
are low and shrubby and form a moderately thick growth on the mountain sides. It 
is probable that some of the material here referred to Q. pungens is from young plants 
of Q. wilcorii. The latter species reaches only the extreme southwestern border of 
the State. Mature leaves on fruiting trees are mostly elliptic and abruptly acute, 
very coriaceous, and with involute margins. Leaves on sterile shoots are crisped and 
have several coarse, triangular, strongly spiny teeth. All the leaves are distinctly 
yellow to tawny beneath when young, but the pubescence disappears, leaving them 
whitish or pale. The leaves are a yellowish or grayish green when growing. 
The species includes the material from southeastern Arizona and the adjacent 
country which has passed as Q. chrysolepis. It is readily recognized by the acorns, 
the Californian species having an acorn easily three times as large as that of Q. wilcozii, 
with a very much thickened cup. 
9. Quercus confusa Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 16: 116. 1913. 
TYPE LocaLiry: On Ruidoso Creek, 5 miles east of Ruidoso Post Office, New Mexico. 
Type collected by Wooton, August 5, 1901. 
Rance: White Mountains of New Mexico, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 
A moderately large tree, 5 to 7 meters high, with oblong, sinuate-dentate Ieaves 
almost velvety beneath with yellowish stellate hairs; acorns 20 to 23 mm. long, barrel- 
shaped, obtuse, about 3 times as long as the cup. 
This species is most nearly related to Q. fendleri, from which it differs in being a 
tree, having still larger leaves (persistent?) of the same general type, and in having a 
larger acorn. It occurs at a lower level than is common for Q. fendleri, being at home 
in the Upper Sonoran instead of the Transition Zone, although the latter sometimes 
comes into the Upper Sonoran. 
