WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 453 
The plants of this species are used considerably in southern New Mexico and about 
El Paso, Texas, as a decorative plant in dooryards, especially where water is scanty, 
and they lend themselves readily to such treatment. They bloom rather late in 
summer, the blossoms being followed by the scaly yellow fruit which often persists 
for several years. 
The pulpy interior tissue of these plants is used by Mexican candy makers, who 
cut it into irregular pieces and candy it by boiling in a saturated sugar solution, mak- 
ing what they call ‘“cubiertas,” or ‘‘dulce de viznaga,’’ a most palatable sweetmeat. 
4. Echinocactus papyracanthus Engelm. Trans. Acad. St. Louis 2: 202. 1863. 
Mamillaria papyracantha Engelm, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 4: 49. 1849. 
Type Locauiry: In a valley between the lower hills, near Santa Fe, New Mexico, 
Rance: Known only from the type locality. 
The type was collected by Fendler in 1847 (no. 279). Coulter also reports a speci- 
men collected near Santa Fe in 1882 by Bandelier. 
5. Echinocactus intertextus Engelm. Proc. Amer. Acad. 3: 277. 1856. 
Type Locauiry: ‘From El Paso to the Limpio,’’ Texas. 
Ranae: Southern New Mexico, trans-Pecos Texas, and adjacent Mexico. 
New Mexico: Mesa west of Organ Mountains; Socorro; Organ Mountains; Rincon; 
Cooks Peak. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 
This species is a small plant, short-cylindric or globose, 10 cm. high or less and 
usually about 5 to 7 cm. in diameter, suggesting some of the species of Mamillaria more 
than Echinocactus. Its spines are white, reddish above, short, about 1 cm. long, 
numerous, and very closely set, densely covering the plant. The flowers are small, 
15 to 20 mm. long, with numerous pale pink, acute petals, followed by a small dry 
fruit. 
The subspecies dasyacantha Engelm.! has longer and more erect upper spines. It 
seems to be merely a growth form. We have seen a specimen of this collected at 
Rincon by Evans in 1891. 
6. Echinocactus horizonthalonius Lem. Cact. Hort. Monv. 19. 1839. 
Echinocactus horizonthalonius centrispinus Engelm. Proc, Amer. Acad. 3: 276. 1856. 
Type Loca.ity: Not stated. 
Rance: Southern New Mexico, trans-Pecos Texas, and Mexico. 
New Mexico: Tortugas Mountain; Guadalupe Mountains; Bishops Cap; Guadalupe 
Canyon. Limestone soil, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 
This plant is about spherical, 20 cm. or less in diameter, with 8 to 10 rounded ribs, 
suggesting a canteloupe in general form. The spines are few, 6 to 9 in each areole, 
stout, compressed, horny, reddish or ashy, recurved, forming a coarse network which 
sometimes persists and maintains the form of the plant even aiter the soft parts have 
decayed; the single central is not hooked. 
The large, bright pink flowers, imbedded in dense white wool at the base, open in 
bright sunshine and persist for two or three days, partly closing at night and opening 
again in the sunlight, like those of many other cacti. They generally darken as they 
age. The plant is hard to transplant, unless the soil in which it is placed contains 
considerable lime. The plants usually occur in crevices in limestone rocks. 
7. Echinocactus texensis Hopf. Allg. Gartenz. 10: 297. 1842. 
Devit’s PINCUSHION. 
Type Locality: Western Texas. 
RANGE: Southeastern New Mexico and western Texas and northeastern Mexico. 
New Mexico: Knowles (Wooton). Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 
Depressed-hemispheric plants, about 30 cm. in diameter and less than half as high, 
frequently only a little above the level of the ground, rather dark green, and with 20 
1Loc. cit. 
