152 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, 
nor is it a view soon to be forgotten. This species is probably the most representative 
one of its group and from some caerulea-like ancestor we may imagine the related 
species to have sprung. 
The type and several subspecies may be distinguished by the aid of the key below. 
There are, besides, two forms characterized by Professor Cockerell,! both found about 
the “Lakes of the Clouds” in Custer County, Colorado. These are: The forma pallidi- 
flora, described as with smaller, paler flowers and larger leaves than the species, 
and as having 5 pods; and the forma glandulosa, with 6 pods, the pods and peduncles 
pubescent and glandular-viscid. 
Sepals blue. 
Spurs present. 
Petals yellow. Plant of northwestern Wyoming. .18c. A. caerulea alpina. 
Petals white........22. 0222222 e eee 18. A. caerulea, 
Spurs wanting............ 2.220.220 222-222002-2. 18d. A. caerulea daileyae. 
Sepals white. 
Spurs about 7 cm. long..................2...... 18b. A, caerulea pinetorum. 
Spurs not over 6 cm. long...........-.....2.-.-.-. 18a. A. caerulea albiflora. 
18a. Aquilegia caerulea albiflora A. Gray: Robinson, Syn. Fl. 1: 44. 1895. 
Aquilegia leptocera Nutt. Journ. Acad. Phila. 7: 9. 1334, 
Aquilegia caerulea ochroleuca Hook. in Curtis’s Bot. Mag. 90: pl. 5477. 1864. 
Aquilegia caerulea leptocera A. Nels. in Coulter, New Man. Rocky Mount. 191. 1909. 
Rance: Mostly west of the Rocky Mountains in Utah, Nevada, and Idaho, and at 
lower elevations. 
REFERENCES: 8. Wats. in King, Geol. Expl. 40th Par, 5: 10. 1871. A. Gray, Pl. 
Wright. 2:9. 1853. Tidestrom, Amer. Mid. Nat. 1: 171. 1910. 
SPECIMENS EXAMINED. 
IpaHo: Palisade National Forest, Ryder 13. Lost River Mountains, west of Clyde, 
Blaine County, Macbride & Payson 3113. 
Wyomine: Pine Mountain, Nelson 3557. North Fork Lake, Warren 8. Between 
Baggs and Rawlins, Osterhout 2634. 
Cotorapo: Cameron Pass, Baker. Sangre de Cristo Creek, Rydberg & Vreeland 6211. 
Utau: Provo, Jones 5569. Uintah Mountains, H. Engelmann. Vicinity of Clayton 
Peak, Wasatch Mountains, Stokes. Alta, Wasatch Mountains, Jones 1212. Black 
Mountain, Manti, Jones. Head of Bullion Creek, Jones. Aqui Mountains, 
Jones. Little Cottonwood Canyon, Jones. Henry Mountains, Jones 5695a. 
NevabDA: Piermont, Jones. Schell Creek Mountains, Jones. 
This subspecies might perhaps be regarded as a color form if it were not for its 
peculiar relationship to A. caerulea, Though it seems to differ from the species only 
in its color, this difference is more significant than in most color forms. This sub- 
species seems to show a higher plane of evolution than the species; it is the form that 
has migrated westward, has become adapted, in general, to a more arid habitat, and 
has made the first advance to the yellow color which, under some circumstances, is 
the forerunner of red, the most specialized color of all. One would suppose if these 
flowers are pollinated by moths that the white flowers would have a decided ad- 
vantage over the blue. 
18b. Aquilegia caerulea pinetorum (Tidestrom). 
Aquilegia pinetorum Tidestrom, Amer. Mid. Nat. 1: 166. 1910. 
Stems and leaves as in A. caerulea; flowers white, resembling those of the subspecies 
albiflora, somewhat smaller than in typical caerulea; spurs slender, straight, about 7 
em. long. 
TyPE LocaLity: Buckskin Mountains, Arizona. 
RanGE: Northern Arizona and southern Utah. 
1 Bull. Torrey Club, 18: 168. 1891. 
