284 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 
aging about 35X25 uw; pores slightly elevated, measuring (with their surrounding 
cells) mostly 90 to 120 uw in length and 80 to 110 » in width, surrounded by 6 or 7 
(rarely 8) series of cells with 3 or 4 cells in each series, the radial walls slightly 
thickened; cells containing oil bodies as in A. tenella; green tissue fairly loose, 
the air chambers in 3 or 4 layers, those of the dorsal layer sometimes larger 
than the others but loosely subdivided by supplementary partitions often failing 
to reach the epidermis ; compact tissue occupying from two-thirds to three-fourths 
the thickness of the thallus in the median portion, gradually thinning out on 
the sides and extending about two-thirds the distance to the margin, com- 
posed of cells with slightly thickened, more or less pitted walls; mycorhiza not 
observed ; ventral scales large, mostly ovate, sometimes sublunulate, pale purple 
throughout, marginal slime papillae somewhat persistent; cells centaining oil 
bodies mostly 15 to 20, scattered; appendages mostly 1 or 2 (rarely 8), some- 
times approximate or coalescent, lanceolate, scarcely if at all constricted at 
the base, mostly 0.25 to 0.4 mm. long and 0.08 to 0.12 mm. wide, acute to acumi- 
nate, entire or vaguely and minutely crenulate, the cells throughout averag- 
ing about 80X20 uw: inflorescence paroicous or autoicous, the antheridia oc- 
cupying an oval irregular median area near the peduncle of the female recep- 
tacle or on a separate branch, the ostioles low; peduncle with a loose cluster of 
lanceolate paleae at base and apex, deeply pigmented, mostly 1.5 to 2.5 cm. long; 
disk of receptacle mostly 8 to 4 mm. across, bluntly conical, coarsely tuberculate, 
the lobes mostly 3 or 4, short, extending obliquely downward, the margins 
and the narrow bilobed involucre entire or nearly so; pseudoperianth usually 
deep purple, mostly 12 to 16-cleft, the divisions lanceolate, connate at the apex; 
capsule purple, the method of dehiscence not observed; spores dark purple, 
mostly 86 to 100 uw in diameter, with wavy irregular wings 10 to 14 w wide along 
the edges, the wings often becoming indistinct through the separation of the 
outer spore wall layer, the entire surface covered over with a fine reticulum, the 
meshes 4 to 6 « across, formed by delicate lines or low ridges, darker than the 
rest of the wall, coarser folds or ridges not present; elaters purple, more or less 
curved, mostly 100 to 120 » long (rarely up to 200 ») and 12 to 16 pw wide, ta- 
pering slightly toward the rounded ends, the spirals mostly 2 in the middle and 1 
or 2 at the ends, more deeply pigmented than the rest of the wall. 
A rare alpine and arctic species, growing on soil among rocks, mostly cal- 
careous; known with certainty only from western North America, Scandi- 
havia, and the higher mountains of central Europe. The following specimens 
have been examined: 
ALASKA: Aats Bay, 1913, Frye 921 (Y.; collected on the Kelp Expedition 
but not previously recorded). 
British CoLtuMBIA: Selkirk Mountains, 1885, J. Macoun (C., U. S.; type 
collection of Fimbriaria commutata) ; near Kicking Horse Lake, J. Macoun (C.). 
ALBERTA: Red Earth Creek, Long Lake, south of Pharaoh, 1913, Brinkman 
983 in part (C. C. H.; mixed with Bucegia romanica) ; valley of Healy Creek, 
1913, Brinkman 936 (C. GC. H.). 
WASHINGTON: Queets River Valley, 1907, Frye 71 (Y.); Elwha River Valley, 
Frye 33, 58, 63 in part (Y.); Paradise Park, Mount Rainier, Foster 1008 (C. C. 
H.). The first two stations have been reported by Miss Clark (Bull. Torrey 
Club 86: 300, 1909). 
Norway: Tromsé amt, Bardodalen, Storfjeld, 1901, Arnell (N. Y.) ; Tromsé 
amt, Leaviken, Kistelfjeldet, Kaalaas (C. C. H.). 
SWITZERLAND: “In Alpibus,” 1849, Lesquereug (N. Y.); between the Riffel 
and the Gorner Grat, Mitten (N. Y.); Col de la Gemmi, Lacoutre (C. C. H.). 
AustrIA: Salzburger Spitze des Unterberges, Sauter (N. Y., Y.: distributed 
in Gottsche & Rabenhorst’s Hep. Europ., no. 369, as Fimbriaria lindenbergi- 
