388 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 
a 
Minas Geraes, Claussen (B). Piracicaba, Province of Sao Paulo, 1894, 
Campos Novaes (N). Without definite locality, Sello (K); Martius 645 (K); 
Gardner 22-1 (B),. 
Paraauay: L’Assomption, 1874, Balansa 874 (K). Central Paraguay, 1888-90, 
Morong 162 (N). Cordillera de Altos, 1903, Fiebrig 1000 (G, K). San 
Bernardino, Hassler 3895 (G). 
ARGENTINA: Tucumén, Lorentz & Hieronymus 90 (K). Cérdoba, 1878, Hier- 
onymus (B, K). Estancia Germania near Cérdoba, 1874, Lorentz 37 (B). 
Buenos Aires, Tweedie 739 (K). Province of Catamarca, 1915, Jérgensen 
1093 (G). 
SENEGAL: In 1906, Farmar 16 (K). 
Anaota: ‘A peculiar colonial weed, appearing on waste places frequented by 
native carriers,” N’Dalatando Cazengo, 1912, Gossweiler 5541 (B). 
Nartau: Durban, 1910, Franks (Wood, no. 11676) (K). 
HaWAUAN IstaNnps: Hawaii, 1851-55, Rémy 256 (G). 
From its only near relative, A. humile, this much more widely distributed species 
is easily distinguished by its cuneate-based, not distinctly petioled leaves, and by 
its fruits, which are rather densely uncinate on the sides as well as on the angles. 
Its local name in Matto Grosso is given by Malme as “carapicho.”’? In Ceara it is 
known as ‘‘retirante,” and an infusion of the root is used asa remedy for coughs and 
bronchitis.5 
4. Acanthospermum donii Blake, sp. nov. PLATE 23, d. 
Herbaceous, branching, 30 cm. high and more, the base not seen; stem compressed, 
striatulate, whitish, pilose with spreading whitish hairs and puberulous between 
them with closely appressed hairs, glabrate below; leaf blades 3.5 to 8 cm. long, 
1.5 to 4 em. wide, rhombic-oval or broadly obovate, obtuse, gradually narrowed 
into a cuneate base, subsessile, repand-dentate (the teeth about 9 to 15 pairs, 
depressed, scarcely mucronulate), triplinerved above the base, green on both sides 
and rather sparsely pilose, the hairs longer along the veins; heads solitary in the 
axils and the forks of the stem, subsessile or on very short (1.5 mm. long) peduncles, 
in anthesis 6 to 8 mm., in fruit 9 to 11 mm. thick; outer phyllaries 4 or 5, oblong or 
obovate, obtuse, herbaceous, pilose-ciliate, united at extreme base, 3-nerved, 3 5 to 
4.5 mm. long, 1 to 2.3 mm. wide; ray corollas about 8, yellow, oval, emarginate, 
1 mm. long; disk corollas about 14, pale yellow, sparsely pilose and glandular, 1.8 
mm. long (tube 0.6 mm.), the throat obscure, the teeth ovate; fruit cuneate, strongly 
compressed, 4 mm. high, 1 mm. wide at base, 3.5 to 4 mm. wide across the spines at 
apex, the body (exclusive of the terminal spines) 3.5 to 3.8 mm. long, whitish, with a 
short conic-subulate compressed spine on the inner angle and a longer one on the 
outer, l-ridged on inner face, with sparse subulate uncinate-tipped aculei on the 
sides and back. 
Type in the British Museum, from the herbarium of Ruiz and Pavon, collected in 
Ecuador (?). Fragments of type in Gray Herbarium. 
The type specimens in the British Museum, labeled as of Mexico but certainly 
from South America and probably from Ecuador, were marked by David Don many 
years ago as a new species of Melampodium, under a name which would be in no way 
distinctive in Acanthospermum. 
5. Acanthospermum simile Blake, sp. nov. PLaTeE 23, e. 
Subsimple or dichotomous annual, at length 1 meter long; stem subcompressed, 
striate, whitish, rather densely pilose with loosely spreading, many-celled hairs, and 
between them closely appressed-pilosulous; leaf blades 3.5 to 7.7 cm. long, 3 to 3.8 
cm. wide, rhombic-ovate or rhombic-oval, obtuse, gradually narrowed below the 
5 Dias da Rocha, Bot. Med. Cear. 98. 1919. 
