3890 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 
the midrib longer and spreading; heads solitary in the axils and the forks of the 
stem, in anthesis 7 mm., in fruit about 1.8 cm. thick; peduncles curved, 3 to 4 mm. 
long; phyllaries 4 or 5, ovate to oblong-ovate, obtusish, herbaceous, 3-nerved, pilose- 
ciliate, 4 to 5 mm. long, 1.8 to 2.5 mm. wide; ray corollas about 7, yellowish, oblong- 
oval, tridenticulate, sparsely glandular, 1 mm. long; disk corollas about 7, yellowish, 
glandular and pilose on the tube (1 mm. long), sparsely glandular on the teeth, 2.5 
mm. long; fruit obovoid-fusiform, distinctly compressed, 9.5 to 10 mm. long, whitish, 
gland-dotted, 2-beaked at apex, the outer beak curved, slender-subulate, the inner 
longer and straight, grooved on its inner face, the body acute at base, 3 to 3.3 mm. 
wide above the middle, about 8-ridged, the ridges bearing firm glochidiate-tipped 
aculei, those on the margins of the outer angle the longest (3 to 3.5 mm. long). 
Type in the British Museum, collected in waste lands, L’Assomption, Paraguay, 
April 6, 1874, by Balansa (no. 874a). Fragments of type in the Gray Herbarium. 
This species is at once recognizable by its fruit, which is to a slight degree inter- 
mediate between that of A. australe and that of the section Ceratochlaena. 
8. Acanthospermum australe (Loefl.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 303. 1891. 
P 23, h-m. 
Melampodium australe Loefl. Iter Hisp. 268. 1758. LATE 4J, D-M 
Acanthospermum brasilum Schrank, Pl. Rar. Hort. Monac. pl. 53. 1819. 
Centrospermum ranthioides H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 4: 271. pl. 397. 1820. 
Orcya adhaerescens Vell. Fl. Flum. 345, 1825; Fl. Flum. Icon. 8: pl. 83. 1827. 
Echinodium prostratum Poit.; Cass. Dict. Sci. Nat. 59: 245. 1829, as synonym. 
Acanthospermum xanthioides DC. Prodr. 5: 521. 1836. 
Acanthospermum xanthioides a obtusifolium DC. Prodr. 5: 522. 1836. 
Acanthospermum zanthioides B acutifolium DC. Prodr. 5: 522. 1836. 
Acanthospermum xanthioides y glabratum DC. Prodr. 5: 522. 1836. 
Acanthospermum hirsutum DC. Prodr. 5: 522. 1836. 
Procumbent or creeping, 60 cm. long or more; stem compressed, whitish, short- 
pilose with oblique many-celled hairs; leaf blades 1.3 to 3.7 cm. long, 0.7 to 3.2 cm. 
wide, rhombic-ovate or triangular, acute to obtuse, cuneate into the narrowly mar- 
gined petiole, triplinerved, irregularly dentate-serrate above the cuneate entire base 
with callous-tipped teeth, sparsely appressed-pilosulous, dotted with impressed glands, 
particularly beneath; petioles 3 to 15 mm. long; heads solitary in the axils and at 
apices of stem and branches, in anthesis 6 to 7 mm., in fruit 1.5 to 2 cm. wide; peduncles 
sordidly hispid-pilose, 1.5 cm. long or less; outer phyllaries 5, oval or elliptic, obtusish, 
herbaceous, 3-nerved, ciliate and on back sparsely pilose, 3 to 4 mm. long; ray corollas 
5 to 8, yellowish, densely stipitate-glandular, 1 mm. long, the erect limb 3-toothed ; 
disk corollas about 12, yellowish, pilose below, glandular above, 2.5 mm. long (tube 
1 mm., teeth 0.8 mm. long); pales scarious, glandular and ciliate, fimbriate-ciliate 
at the deeply emarginate apex, 2.5 mm. long; fruit obliquely ellipsoid-fusiform, 
slightly compressed, 5 to 7-ribbed, with open orifice at the obtuse apex, 7 to 8.5 mm. 
long, densely glandular, the ribs bearing 1 or 2 rows of ascending uncinate prickes 1 
to 2 mm. long. 
TYPE LocaLity: Vicinity of Barcelona, Venezuela. Type collected by Loefling, 
February 15, 1755. 
Intustrations: Schrank, Pl. Rar. Hort. Monac. pl. 58: H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & 
Sp. 4: pl. $97; Lam. Tabl. Encycl. pl. 988; Vell. Fl. Flum. Icon. 8: pl. 83; Britt. & 
Brown, Illustr. Fl. ed. 2. 3: f. 4420. 
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: 
MassacuuseEtts: Lawrence, 1906, Mrs. E. Schneider (G). 
Virainta: Well established near Alexandria, 1912, Summers (N). 
NortH Carouna: Raleigh, 1880, Hyams (N). W. & W. Railroad near Golds- 
boro, 1890, Coville 48 (N). Streets of Wilmington, 1879, Hyams (N). 
SouTH Carouina: Streets, Blufftown, Mellichamp (B). 
