394 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 
of Helianthus, of which four were referred as species or varieties to 
Flourensia by Reiche in 1905. Only H. atacamensis has been exam- 
ined by the writer, but from description it is clear that all Philippi’s 
species belong to Viguiera, or perhaps in part to true Helianthus; 
certainly none is referable to Flourensia. 
The genus Flourensia, here limited as it was redefined by the 
writer" in 1918, includes 23 species, nine Mexican, of which one 
enters the southwestern United States, the other 14 native in the 
Andes from central Peru to Chile and the Province of Cérdoba in 
Argentina. All are low, more or less resinous, alternate-leaved shrubs, 
with few-seriate involucres of herbaceous or only basally indurate 
phyllaries, thickened or more or less compressed achenes, villous at 
least on the margin, and persistent or rarely deciduous pappus of 
two often trifid awns and rarely a few narrow acute squamellae. The 
present revision, begun at the Berlin Herbarium in the summer of 
1914, has been completed by a study of the material in the British 
Museum, the Kew Herbarium, the Gray Herbarium, and the United 
States National Herbarium, in the course of which it has been possible 
to examine types of all the species with the exception of the original 
Helianthus thurifer of Molina, material of which is probably no 
longer in existence. 
SYSTEMATIC TREATMENT. 
FLOURENSIA DC. 
Flourensia DC. Prodr. 5: 592. 1836. 
Yesinous shrubs, with alternate, linear-lanceolate to ovate or oval, feather-veined 
leaves and cymose-panicled or solitary heads; heads small to large, many-flowered, 
radiate or discoid, the rays neutral or rarely styliferous but sterile, the flowers all 
yellow; involucre 2 to 4-seriate, graduated or subequal, the phyllaries lanceolate or 
linear-lanceolate to ovate, herbaceous or subherbaceous throughout, or often subin- 
durate and more or less striate below; receptacle flattish; pales scarious or subscarious, 
nerved, usually obtusish, keeled, embracing and falling with the achenes; rays usually 
present, oval to oblong, neutral, or rarely styliferous but sterile; disk corollas with 
slender tube and cylindric or funnelform throat, the short limb 5-toothed; anthers 
with ovate terminal appendages and cordate-sagittate bases; style branches usually 
slender and recurved, with short, obtuse or acutish, dorsally hispidulous appendages; 
disk achenes somewhat compressed or strongly thickened, often striate, oblong or 
cuneate to obovate, silky-villous, at least on margin, rarely with narrow crustaceous 
margin; pappus usually persistent (rarely deciduous or altogether wanting), of two 
often trifid awns and rarely intermediate squamellae, the latter usually united with 
the awns and probably representing their decurrent ampliate bases. 
Type species, as here selected, F. laurifolia DC. 
1 Proc. Amer. Acad. 49: 348-349, 350. 1913. 
