FLORA OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. - 121 



Plants without bulbs or corms. Perianth segments partly united; roots fibrous or 

 fleshy; plants with basal leaves. 

 Ovary superior; flowers large, orange, clustered at the (op of a leafless scape. 



6. HEMEROCALLIS. 

 Ovary partly inferior; flowers small, whitish, borne in bracted racemes. 



7. ALETRIS. 

 1. ALLIUM L. 



Allium cepa L., common onion, A. sativum L., European garlic, and A. porrum L., 

 leek, are grown commonly and all persist more or less after cultivation. 



Leaves oblong-lanceolate, absent at flowering time 1. A. tricoecum. 



Leaves linear, present at flowering time. 

 Inflorescence erect, usually with bulblets; bulb coats more or less fibrous; bulbs 

 not attached to a rootstock. 

 Leaves cylindric, hollow, extending half way up the scape; bract enveloping 

 the umbel splitting down on one side only; bulb coat a thick fibrous 



gh e ll 2. A. vineale. 



Leaves flat, not extending up the stem much above ground ; bract inclosing the 



umbel splitting into 3 parts; bulb coat fibrous-reticulate. . .3. A. canadense. 



Inflorescence nodding, without bulblets; bulb coats membranous; bulbs attached 



in clusters to a short rootstock. Leaves flat 4. A. cernuum. 



1. Allium tricoecum Alt. WlLD leek. 

 Along the Potomac above High Island; rare. Northeastern U. S., south to N. C. 

 The leaves of this interesting species appear in spring but wither before the flowers 



appear in July. 



2. Allium vineale L. WlLD garlic. 

 Generally distributed as a weed throughout the region. Northeastern U. S., south 



to Va.; naturalized from Eur. 

 The leaves remain green through the winter. 



3. Allium canadense L. , Meadow garlic. 

 Frequent in rich woodlands. June. Eastern U. S. 



This species can be distinguished by its solitary bulb with netlike fiber coat. The 

 leaves are not evergreen. 



4. Allium cernuum Roth. WlLD onion. 

 Common in rock crevices and rich soil along the Potomac from Chain Bridge upward. 



July. Throughout the U. S. 

 Leaves evergreen. 



2. LILIUM L. Lily. 



Many species of Lilium are in cultivation as ornamentals. The tiger lily (L. tigri- 

 num L.) spreads from gardens and often persists along fences. 



Flowers erect; sepals long-clawed, red, scarcely recurved 1. L. philadelphicum. 



Flowers nodding or spreading; sepals not clawed, orange or yellow, recurved. 



Leaves smooth; sepals strongly recurved, purple-spotted 2. L. superbum. 



Leaves roughened on margins and on veins beneath; sepals moderately recurved, 

 brown-spotted 3 - L - canadense. 



1. Lilium philadelphicum L. WooD LILY - 

 Rare in dry woodlands; Potomac region above the fall line. July. Northeastern 



U. S. ( south to N. C. 



2. Lilium superbum L. Turk's-cap lily. 

 Common in meadows and marshlands northeast of Washington. July. North- 

 eastern U. S., south to N. C. 



3. Lilium canadense L. Canada lily. 

 Rare in wet soil; Bethesda to Terra Cotta, July. Eastern U. S. 



