424 CXL. LILIACEZ (BAKER). [ Smilax. 
Leaves usually alternate, with reticulated veining, and a pair of stipular 
tendrils from the base of the petiole. Flowers small, greenish, arranged 
in simple or racemose axillary umbels. 
Species nearly 200, spread through the warmer regions of both hemispheres. 
Leaves deeply cordate. Umbels racemose . : , 1. S aspera. 
Leaves rounded at the base. Umbels simple : . 2, S. kraussiana. 
1. S. aspera, Linn. Sp. Plant. ed. 1, 1028. A climbing shrub, 
glabrous in all its parts, with slender woody climbing prickly stems. 
Leaves shortly petiolate, subcoriaceous, ovate, acuminate, deeply cordate 
at the base, triplinerved from the base to the apex. Umbels few- 
flowered, forming a short raceme with a flexuose rhachis ; pedicels longer 
than the flowers. Perianth-segments oblong. Stamens shorter than 
the perianth. Berry bright red, the size of a pea.—Sibth. & Sm. FI. 
Gree. t. 959; A. DC. Monogr. Phanerog, i. 163; Schweinf. in Bull. 
Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 77, 111. 
Wile Land. Eritrea: Mount Oualid, Schweinfurth § Riva, 2159! Abyssinia: 
Ankober, Roth, 133! 
Widely spread in the Mediterranean region. 
2. S. kraussiana, Leien. in Flora, 1845, 312. A climbing shrub, 
glabrous in all its parts, with slender, woody, usually prickly stems, 
reaching a length of 15 feet. Leaves shortly petiolate, subcoriaceous, 
oblong or orbicular, cuspidate, broadly rounded at the base, reaching 
5-6 in. long, conspicuously 3-nerved from the base to the apex ; stipular 
tendrils long. Umbels shortly peduncled, simple, axillary, many-flowered ; 
pedicels finally 1-3 in. long. Bud oblong-cylindrical, 4 in. long. Peri- 
anth-segments linear-oblong. Stamens rather shorter than the perianth. 
Berry the size of a small pea.—Kunth, Enum. v. 242; A. DC. Monogr. 
Phanerog. i. 171; Grant & Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 162, 
t. 106; Baker in Fl. Cap. vi. 256; Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. O. 145. sS. 
morsoniana, Kunth, Enum. v. 241. SS. mossambicensis, Garcke in 
Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 518. 
Upper Guinea. Senegambia, Lepriewr! Sierra Leone, Morson! Barter! 
Scott-Elliot, 4180! Lagos, Rowland! Millen! Niger Delta: River Nun, Barter, 
20115! Cameroons: Cameroon Mountain, 4000 ft., Mann, 1271! Yaunde, Zenker & 
Staudt, 585! 
Wile Land. British East Africa: Madi, Speke & Grant, 739/5! Niamniam : 
at the River Boddo, Schweinfurth, 3847! Nganye, Schweinfurth, 3952! 
Lower Guinea, Gaboon River, Mann, 954! French Congo, Griffon du Bellu, 
and many other collectors. Lower Congo: Stanleypool, Büttner, 522! Welwitsch, 
3862! 3863! 3864! 3865! 
Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, Kirk, 21! German East Africa: Usambara; Silai, 
Holst, 2324! Maschewa, 8724! Kilimanjaro, up to 6000 ft. (ex Engler); Uzinja; 
Mgomba (Ugomba?), Speke § Grant, 207! Usagara; Mdhoonwi River, Speke A 
Grant! Portuguese East Atrica; Morambala Mountain, 2500 ft., Kirk! British 
Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 48! Scott-Elliot, 8569! 
near Mount Sochi, 3900 ft., Kirk ! Mount Malosa and Mount Zomba, 4000-6000 ft., 
