KEY TO THE ORDERS 
Styles united : ovule erect or ascending. 
Limnanthaceae in Order SAPINDALEs. 
Ovules 2 or more in each carpel. 
Flowers irregular: stamens united at the top or con- 
. verging. 
Placentae axile. 
Balsaminaceae in Order GERANIALES. 
Placentae parietal. 
Violaceae in Order HYPERICALEs. 
Flowers regular: stamens neither united nor con- 
verging at the top. 
Carpels not circumscissile at maturity. 
Placentae parietal. 
Cistaceae in Order HYPERICALES. 
Placentae axile or central. 
Styles distinct. 
Elatinaceae in Order HYPERICALES. 
Styles united. 
Ovary sessile : filaments filiform. 
Tiliaceae in Order MALVALEs. 
Ovary stipitate : filaments fusiform. 
Koeberliniaceae in Order GERANIALES. 
Carpelscircumscissile at maturity. 
Penthoraceae in Order ROSALES, 
1i Stamens inserted on the margin of a disk or hypanthium (perigynous or hypogynous). 
Stamens fewer than the sepals or the petals. —— 
Hippocrateaceae in Order SAPINDALES. 
Stamens as many as the sepals or the petals, or more. 
Stamens as many as the petals and opposite them. 
Styles and upper part of the ovaries distinct: ovules and seeds many. 
Saxifragaceae in Order RosALEs. 
Styles united. 
Ovules and seeds numerous. Moringaceae in Order PAPAVERALES. 
Ovules and seeds solitary or 2. Order RHAMNALES. 
Stamens as many as the petals and alternate with them, or more or many. 
Styles distinet. ; 
Upper part of the ovaries distinct, at least at maturity. 
Saxifragaceae and Iteaceae in Order ROSALES, 
Upper part of the ovaries united. Order SAPINDALES. 
Styles united. 
ced creep fiat or obsolete: disk fleshy. 
lants without secreting glands in the bark. Order SAPINDALES. 
Plants with secreting glandsinthe bark. Families in Order GERANIALES. 
Hypanthium cup-shaped or campanulate : disk obsolete or inconspicuous. 
Order MYRTALES. 
tł Ovary inferior. 
Stamens numerous. : 
Styles and stigmas united into a disk : water-plants with endogenous stems. 
Nymphaeaceae in Order ROSALES. 
Styles distinct, or united, but not forming a disk with radiating stigmas: land-plants 
with exogenous stems. 
Styles distinct. ; 
Stamens distinct: stigmassimple: shrubs or trees. Familiesin Order ROSALES. 
Stamens with united filaments: styles branched: herbs. Order BEGONIALES. 
Styles united. 
Shrubs or trees; not succulents, sometimes woody vines. 
Hypanthium not produced beyond the ovary. 
Escalloniaceae in Order ROSALES. 
Hypanthium produced beyond the ovary. Families in Order MYRTALES. 
Herbs, or shrub-like or tree-like succulents. Order OPUNTIALEs. 
Stamens not more than twice as many as the petals. 
Styles wanting: stigmas sessile. Gunneraceae in Order MYRTALEs. 
Styles present. 
Styles distinet. 
Ovules € in each cavity of the ovary: fruit a capsule or a fleshy many- 
ITY, 
Fruit, if dehiscent, valvate. Families in Order ROSALES. 
Fruit cireumseissile, Portulacaceae in Order CHENOPODIALES. 
Ovules solitary in each cavity of the ovary: fruit a drupe or 2-5 more or less 
united achenes. Order AMMIALES. 
Styles united, or single. _ 
Plants without tendrils. 
Ovary enelosed in or surpassed by the hypanthium or adnate to it. 
Anther-sacs opening by pores. Vacciniaceae in Order ERICALES. 
Anther-sacs opening by slits. _ 
Ovules solitary in each cavity of the ovary. Order AMMIALES. 
Ovules several in each cavity. 
Ovary with parietal placentae. Loasaceae in Order OPUNTIALES. 
Ovary with central or basal placentae. 
Families in Order MYRTALES. 
Ovary exceeding the hypanthium, the top free. _ 
Escalloniaceae in Order ROSALES. 
Plants with tendrils. 
: fruit a : leaf-blades palmately veined. 
dices qus Cucurbitaceae in Order CAMPANULALES. 
Shrubby vines: fruit drupaceous, separating into nutlets: leaf-blades pin- 
nately veined. Rhamnaceae in Order RHAMNALES. 
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