26 PINACEAE 
FAMILY 1l. CYCADACEAE Lindl. Cycas FAMILY. 
Shrubs or trees of tropical or subtropical regions, usually possessing a sticky 
sap. Leaves (fronds) clustered: blades pinnate: segments variously nerved. 
Flowers dioecious, without perianth: staminate cones falling away : pistillate 
leaves or cones accrescent. Pollen-sacs 1-celled, in groups of 2-4, or more. 
Ovules orthotropous, sessile or nearly so. Fruit an aggregate of nut-like or 
drupe-like seeds. Embryo in the upper part of the endosperm. Cotyledons 2 ; 
radicle ending in a spiral. k 
1. ZAMIA L.! 
Usually low palm-like plants, with stems usually beneath the surface of the ground. 
Leaves few or many : blades pinnate: petioles smooth or spiny ; segments with simple par- 
allel nerves, entire or toothed, jointed at the rachis. Flowers in oblong or cylindric cones : 
scales peltate, spirally arranged. Pollen-sacs numerous. Ovules 2 on each scale, pendu- 
lous, sessile. Cones relatively small, glabrous or scurfy. COONTIE. 
Leaf-segments 10-16-nerved : mature pistillate cones 12-16.5 cm. long, markedly Bn vli 
. 4 0. = 
Leaf-segments 20-28-nerved : mature pistillate cones 6.5-10.5 em. long, scarcely umbonate. ae 
2. Z. pumila. 
1. Zamia Floridàna DC. Plants 3-5 dm. tall. Leaf-blades ovate or ovate-lanceo- 
late, 20-30 cm. long; petioles about 20 cm. long, unarmed, 3-angled, silky tomentose at the 
base, with scattered hairs above: leaf-segments mostly opposite, 28-40, linear, 9-14 cm. 
long, 3-7 mm. broad, with 5 or 6 obscure teeth at the obtuse apex, glabrous above, with a 
few scattered hairs beneath, faleate and somewhat twisted, 10-16-nerved, revolute : stami- 
nate cones dark brown, oblong, about 8 cm. long and 2.5 em. thick ; peduncles 5-10 cm. 
long: mature pistillate cones oblong, 12-16.5 cm. long and 6-8 cm. thick, markedly um- 
bonate, densely tomentose with persistent dark brown hairs, peduncles about 10 cm. long, 
ferruginous-tomentose : seed-bearing scales hexagonal, thick, nearly hemispheric at the 
outer end. [ Z. integrifolia Chapm. in part, not Jacq. ] 
In dry forests, ‘‘ flat woods," east coast of Florida below New River. 
2. Zamia pumila L. Plants usually more robust than those of Z. Floridana. Leaf- 
segments mostly opposite but sometimes irregularly placed, 32-44, linear-oblanceolate or 
linear-oblong, somewhat falcate, 7-11 cm. long, 8-16 mm. wide, slightly serrate at the ob- 
tuse apex, mostly straight but occasionally slightly twisted, 20-28-nerved, revolute: stami- 
nate cones brown, oblong, about 8 cm. long and 2.5 cm. thick: peduncles 5-10 cm. long: 
mature pistillate cones elliptic, scarcely umbonate, 6.5-10.5 em. long and 5-8 cm. thick, 
densely tomentose with ferruginous partially deciduous hairs: seed-bearing scales hexagonal, 
thin, somewhat flattened at the outer end.  [Z. integrifolia Chapm. in part, not Jacq. ] 
In moist woods, ‘‘ hammocks,” middle peninsular Florida, particularly on the eastern coast. 
Order 2. PINALES. 
Shrubs or lofty trees, various in habit. Leaves scale-like, narrow, or needle- 
like and often collected into bundles, or rarely with expanded blades. Flowers 
in cones of spirally imbricated scales, the staminate and pistillate usually on the 
same plant. Staminate cones with scales bearing pollen-sacs.  Pistillate cones 
with scales bearing ovules: in TAXACEAE the pistillate flowers are rarely in 
cones. Fruit drupe-like, berry-like, or a dry cone. Embryo usually axile. 
Pistillate flowers several. with carpellary scales, these sometimes bracted: fruit a cone, either dry or 
berry-like. 
Carpellary scales with bracts, never peltate: ovules inverted: buds scaly: wing accompanying the 
seed a portion of the carpellary scale. Fam. 1. PINACEAE. 
Carpellary scales without bracts, mostly peltate or fleshy: ovules erect: 
buds naked: wing of the seed, when present, a portion of the testa. Fam. 2. JUNIPERACEAE. 
Pistillate flowers solitary or 2, without carpellary scales: fruit drupaceous or 
baccate. Fam. 3. TAXACEAE. 
FAMILY 1. PINACEAE Lindl. Prine FAMILY. 
Mostly evergreen monoecious resin-yielding shrubs or trees, often conic in 
outline. Buds scaly. Leaves rigid, needle-like or flat, alternate, opposite, 
whorled, or several in a sheath. Anthers 2-several-celled, in more or less 
elongated cones. Pollen-grains globose, ellipsoidal or lobed.  Pistillate aments 
1 Contributed by Mr. Herbert J. Webber. 
