POACEAE 83 
most one, densely papillose-hirsute with spreading hairs ; blades 2-12 em. long, 2-7 mm. 
wide, papillose-hirsute on both surfaces: axis of the inflorescence 4 cm. long or less; 
racemes 4-13, 4-13 cm. long, finally widely spreading, usually in a whorl at the base and 
the remainder alternate or approximately in pairs: spikelets about 2.5 mm. long, about 
0.5 mm. wide, lanceolate, acuminate, in pairs, occasionally with a delicate basal bristle ; 
first scale minute, glabrous, the second and third scales appressed-pubescent, the second 
3-nerved, about 4 as long as the spikelet, the third 7-nerved, noticeably longer than the 
fourth one which is slightly less than 2 mm. long, elliptic, greenish when mature. 
In dry sandy soil, Florida. Also in the West Indies and South America. Summer. 
10. Syntherisma sanguinale (L.) Dulac. Stems 1 m. long or less, finally branched, 
rostrate at the base and rooting at the lower nodes: lower leaf-sheaths densely papillose- 
irsute ; blades 4-20 cm. long, 4-10 mm. wide, more or less papillose-hirsute on both sur- 
faces: axis of the inflorescence 1 cm. long or less; racemes 3-10, 5-18 em. long, usually 
erect or ascending, commonly digitate: spikelets 2.5-3 mm. long, about 0.8 mm. wide, 
elliptic-lanceolate, acute, in pairs ; first scale small, glabrous, the second and third appressed- 
pubescent, the second about 3 as long as the spikelet, ovate-lanceolate, 3-nerved, the third 
about as long as the flowering one, 7-nerved, the first and second nerves on each side hispid 
above the middle, fourth scale yellowish white when mature, acutely apiculate, elliptic- 
lanceolate. [Panicum sanguinale L.] 
In cultivated places, nearly throughout North America. Introduced. Spring to fall. 
11. Syntherisma fimbriàtum (Link) Nash. Stems 8 dm. long or less, finally 
branched, prostrate at the base and rooting at the lower nodes: lower leaf-sheaths densely 
papillose-hirsute with spreading hairs; blades 2-8 cm. long, 5-10 mm. wide, erect or 
ascending, both surfaces glabrous or more or less pubescent : axis of the inflorescence 2 cm. 
or less long ; racemes 2-9, 2-12 cm. long, erect or ascending, alternate, in pairs or whorls : 
spikelets 3-3.5 mm. long, about 0.8 mm. wide, lanceolate, very acute, in pairs ; first scale 
small, glabrous, the second and third appressed-pubescent with long hairs, the second one 
ł to $ as long as the spikelet, lanceolate-cuneate, 3-nerved, the third slightly exceeding the 
flowering scale, 7-nerved, the pubescence usually becoming widely spreading, the fourth 
one lanceolate, very acute, yellowish white at maturity. 
In dry sandy soil, District of Columbia to Florida and Texas. Introduced. Summer. 
12. Syntherisma barbàtum (Willd.) Nash. Stems 5 dm. long or less, branching, 
often rooting at the lower nodes: leaf-sheaths glabrous ; blades lanceolate, 3 em. long or 
less, 3-5 mm. wide, glabrous on both surfaces, sparsely ciliate at the base: racemes in 
pairs, 4-6 em. long, erect or ascending: spikelets 3.5—4 mm. long, slightly exceeding 1 
mm. wide, lanceolate, acute, in pairs; first scale small, glabrous, the second and third 
appressed-pubescent with very long hairs, the second one about $ as long as the spikelet, 
lanceolate-cuneate, 3-nerved, the third 7-nerved and in the long-pedicelled spikelet the 
pubescence of two kinds; fourth scale yellowish white at maturity, elliptic-lanceolate, 
acuminate. 
Insandy soil, Mississippi. Introduced. Summer. 
28. TRICHACHNE Nees. 
Perennial grasses, with flat leaf-blades, usually tufted stems and narrow or contracted 
panicles, usually densely hairy. Spikelets numerous, articulated below the empty scales, 
1-flowered, lanceolate, acute or acuminate. Scales 4, the outer 3 membranous, empty, the 
second and usually also the much shorter first densely silky-pilose or long-ciliate on the 
margins, often acuminate, and sometimes with a short bristle at the apex, the fourth scale 
shorter, chartaceous, glabrous and shining, finally indurated, enclosing a shorter palet of 
similar texture and a perfect flower. Stamens 3. Styles distinct. Stigmas plumose. 
Panicle tawny white: spikelets 4-5 mm. long, lanceolate. 1. T. insulare. 
Panicle silvery white: spikelets about 3 mm. long, ovate-lanceolate. 2. T. saccharatum, 
1. Trichachne insulàre (L.) Nash.. Stems 1-1.5 dm. tall, stout, finally more or less 
branched : leaf-sheaths usually glabrous, or sometimes papillose-hirsute ; blades ascending, 
sometimes drooping, 1-3 dm. hoes generally 5-20 mm. wide : panicle tawny white, usually 
2-3 dm. long, 1-2 em. wide : spikelets 4-5 mm. long, long-acuminate, the hairs less copious 
than in the following species. [Panicum leucophaeum H.B.K. 
In cultivated ground, on banks, and in coral soil, Florida and southern Texas. Also in tropical 
countries. Spring to fall. 
2. Trichachne saccharatum (Buckl.) Nash. Stems 4-8 dm. tall, finally somewhat 
branched : leaf-sheaths glabrous, or sometimes papillose-hirsute ; blades erect or ascending, 
generally less than 1.5 dm. long and usually less than 5 mm. wide : panieles silvery white, 
