102 POACEAE 
rather distantly inserted on the rachilla, the first scale about 3 as long as the spikelet, the 
second and third scales densely pubescent with short spreading hairs. 
In dry ground, Texas. Spring and summer. 
103. Panicum málacon Nash. A densely tufted usually purplish perennial, with 
the stem and sheaths strongly hirsute with ascending or nearly erect hairs. Stems,3-5 dm. 
tall, finally much branched : sheaths shorter than the internodes ; blades erect, acuminate, 
softly pubescent on both surfaces with short hairs : panicle 7-10 em. long, oval, its branches 
ascending : spikelets 3.5 mm. long and about 1.5 mm. broad, obovoid, densely pubescent 
with rather long spreading hairs, the first scale fully 3 as long as the spikelet and 5-nerved. 
In dry sandy soil, peninsular Florida. Spring. 
104. Panicum Hélleri Nash. Stems tufted, 2-4 dm. tall, finally branched, appressed- 
pubescent below with long hairs, the nodes sparingly barbed : leaves 5 ; sheaths ciliate on 
the exterior margin, bearing between the prominent nerves scattered papillae from which 
sometimes arise stiff hairs, the internerves of all but the upper sheaths minutely pubescent ; 
blades broadly lanceolate, thin, sparsely ciliate at the rounded base, the primary ones 6-8 
em. long, 6-12 mm. wide: panicle usually included at the base, 6-8 cm. long, its branches 
ascending: spikelets 3.25-3.5 mm. long and about 1.5 mm. wide, ellipsoid or somewhat 
obovoid, pubescent toward the base with a few scattered hairs. 
On stony wooded hillsides, southern Texas. Spring. 
105. Panicum scabritsculum Ell. Stems glabrous or pubescent, 8-14 dm. long, 
erect, sometimes rooting at the lower nodes, finally branched : leaves 6-8 ; sheaths glabrous 
or pubescent ; blades erect or ascending, linear-lanceolate, glabrous, 1-2 dm. long, 8-12 
mm. wide: panicle 1-2 dm. long, broadly ovoid, its branches spreading or ascending: 
spikelets lanceolate, glabrous, 2-2.3 mm. long and 1 mm. broad, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 
acute, the nerves of the flowering scale very prominent. 
In swampy places and ponds, Virginia to Florida and Texas. Spring and summer. 
106. Panicum scoparium Lam. Stems erect, 6-12 dm. tall, simple, finally much 
branched above, villous: leaf-sheaths villous ; blades softly pubescent, those on the main 
stem 10-18 em. long, 10-16 mm. wide, distant, those on the branches 2.5-6.5 cm. long, 4-10 
mm. wide, crowded: primary panicle 7-15 cm. long, ovoid, its branches ascending, the 
secondary panicles much smaller: spikelets ovoid to oval, about 2.5 mm. long, pubescent. 
[.P. viseidum Ell. ] 
In moist soil, New Jersey to Indiana, the Indian Territory, Florida and Texas. Summer. 
107. Panicum equilateràle Scribn. A tufted nearly glabrous perennial. Stems 
4-8 dm. tall, finally branched, the branchlets crowded at the end of the branches: primary 
leaves 4 or 5 ; sheaths ciliate on the margins, shorter than the internodes : primary blades 
spreading, elongated, linear to linear-lanceolate, 8-18 em. long, 7-15 mm. wide, those on 
the branches much smaller but similar in shape: primary panicle 7-9 cm. long, broadly 
ovate, its branches somewhat ascending : spikelets about 3.5 mm. long and about 1.3 mm. 
wide, elliptic, somewhat acute, pubescent with short spreading hairs. 
In dry soil, peninsular Florida. Summer. 
108. Panicum Ashei G. Pearson. Stems tufted, 2-4 dm. tall, erect, usually spar- 
ingly branched, rarely much branched and prostrate, puberulent: leaves 3 or 4 ; sheaths 
usually less than 4 as long as the internodes, ciliate on the overlapping margin ; 
blades usually erect or ascending, sometimes spreading, lanceolate, sparsely ciliate at the 
base with long hairs, usually 5-8 cm. long, rarely longer, 6-10 mm. wide, occasionally 
broader, a little cordate at the base, the upper blades about the same length, the lower ones 
shorter, the early basal blades ciliate: panicle 5-7 em. long, its branches ascending : spike- 
lets about 2.3 mm. long and about 1 mm. wide, elliptic, pubescent with rather long ascend- 
ing hairs. 
i In dry woods, southern Connecticut and New York to Tennessee and Georgia; also in Missouri 
ummer. 
109. Panicum ovale Ell. Stems tufted, 3-7 dm. tall, villous, finally somewhat 
branched, the branches divergent: primary leaves usually 3-5 ; sheaths shorter than the 
internodes, softly pubescent, ciliate on the margin ; upper blades ovate-lanceolate, crowded 
and clasping at the base, pubescent on both surfaces, ciliate on the margins, the primary 
ones 5-10 em. long, 1-2.5 em. wide: primary panicle 7-12 cm. long, oval, its branches as- 
cending : spikelets 2.5-3 mm. long and about 1 mm. wide, rarely larger, pubescent with 
spreading hairs. [P. commelinaefolium Ashe. P. Currant Ashe. ] 
In dry soil, North Carolina to Florida and Louisiana. Spring and summer. 
110. Panicum Manaténse Nash. Stems 2-4 dm. long, finally decumbent and much 
branched : leaf-sheaths ciliate on the margin ; blades erect or nearly so, lanceolate, 3-9 
