POACEAE 105 
33. SACCIOLEPIS Nash. 
Perennials with flat leaf-blades and contracted dense panicles. Spikelets numerous. 
Scales 4, the 3 outer membranous ; 2 outer scales empty, the first scale small and narrow, 
the second one large and broad, 11-nerved, saccate and gibbous at the base, the third scale 
enclosing a palet and staminate flower, the fourth scale chartaceous, finally indurated, about 
3 as long as the second scale, enclosing a palet of similar texture and a perfect flower. 
Stamens 3. Styles distinct. Stigmas plumose. 
1. Sacciolepis gibba (Ell.) Nash. Stems erect or ascending, usually rooting at the 
lower nodes, finally dichotomously branched, 3-20 dm. long : leaf-sheaths papillose-hirsute, 
at least the lower ones; blades lanceolate, spreading or ascending, long-acuminate, some- 
times hirsute on one or both surfaces, 4-20 em. long, 4-22 mm. wide: panicle contracted, 
6-30 cm. long, 1.5-2 em. wide: spikelets 4-5 mm. long, ovate-lanceolate. [Panicum 
gibbum EI. ] 
In swamps and low grounds, Virginia to Tennessee, Missouri, Florida and Louisiana, chiefly 
along the coast. Alsoin Cuba. Summer and fall. 
34. STEINCHISMA Raf. 
Perennial tufted grasses, with erect stems, flat leaf-blades and loose open panicles. 
Spikelets 1-flowered, the 3 outer scales membranous, the third scale bearing in its axil a 
much enlarged and inflated papery palet which exceeds in length the fourth scale ; first 
scale short, the second one about as long as the spikelet ; fourth scale indurated in fruit 
and enclosing a palet of similar texture and a perfect flower. Styles long, united only at 
the base. Stigmas plumose. 
1. Steinchisma hians (Ell.) Nash. Glabrous. Stems erect, 3-8 dm. tall, sometimes 
creeping at the base: leaf-blades 7-13 cm. long, 2-6 mm. wide, acuminate, usually erect : 
paniele 7-20 cm. long, its branches few, generally spreading : spikelets about 2 mm. long. 
[ Panicum hians Ell. ] 
In moist ground, North Carolina to Missouri, Florida and Texas. Summer and fall. 
35. CHAETOCHLOA Scribn. 
Annual or perennial grasses, with usually flat, sometimes complanate, leaf-blades and 
dense terminal cylindric spike-like or narrowly thyrsoid panicles. Spikelets with one or 
a cluster of 2-several sterile barbed bristle-like persistent branches. Scales 4, the 3 outer 
membranous, the first often very short and together with the larger second one empty, the 
third scale frequently longer than the second, empty, or rarely enclosing a palet and also 
sometimes a staminate flower, the fourth scale usually shorter than the spikelet, charta- 
ceous, glabrous, shining, often transversely rugose, finally indurated, obtuse, enclosing 
a shorter palet of similar texture and a perfect flower. Stamens 3. Styles distinct, 
elongated. Stigmas plumose. [Setaria Beauv., not Achar.] FoxrAiL. FOXTAIL GRASS. 
Inflorescence with the spikelets racemosely arranged : bristles 5-16 at the base of 
each spikelet, involucrate. 
Annual ; bristles tawny orange. : 1. C. glauca. 
Perennial, from branching rootstocks: bristles green, yellowish green or 
* purple. ; 
Inflorescence stout: bristles usually exceeding twice the length of the 
spikelet. 
Rootstocks slender: leaf-blades elongated. : ; 
Second scale of the spikelet 5-7-nerved : leaf-blades sometimes with 
a few scattered hairs near the base on the üpper surface. 2 C. imberbis. 
Second scale of the spikelet 3-nerved : leaf-blades glabrous. 3. C. versicolor. 
Rootstocks stout: leaf-blades short, thick and firm, grayish green. 4. C. occidentalis. 
Inflorescence slender: bristles once or twice as long as the spikelet. 
Leaf-blades linear-lanceolate, short. 5. C. purpurascens. 
Leaf-blades linear, elongated. : 6. C. gracilis. 
Inflorescence with the spikelets in clusters or on branches: bristles 1-3 at the base 
of each spikelet, not involucrate. 7 eroi 
Bristles downwardly barbed. 7. C. verticillata. 
Bristles upwardly barbed. i ; 
a. Second scale of the spikelet as long as the flowering scale or very nearly so. 
* Panicle thick, dense, its branches crowded. e RES 
Flowering scale dull, Lag ag when mature, often finely transversely 
rugose : plants usually less than 1.5 m. tall. Nor a 
Panicle usually 1 em. thick or less: bristles commonly green : spike- ica 
lets about 2 mm. long. 8. C. viridis. 
