ARACEAE 227 
late, acuminate, 7-12 cm. long, erose-ciliolate, bright green: spathe green throughout, 
the dilated portion deeper green than the convolute part, over twice as long as broad, 
long-acuminate. 
In low rich woods, eastern and peninsular Florida. Spring. 
4. Arisaema quinatum (Nutt.) Schott. Corms often 3-7 cm. in diameter: leaves 
2, or often solitary, quite large; segments 5, erose, otherwise entire, the lateral ones 
sometimes partially united, or rarely only 3, oval to elliptic, apiculate, glaucous beneath ; 
lateral nerves uniting and forming 2-3 marginal nerves: scapes about 3 as long as the 
petioles: spathe 6-10 cm. long, acute or acuminate: spadix 3-4 mm. thick: fruits 6-7 
mm. in diameter, red, crowded in a globose or oblong head. [A. polymorphum (Buckl.) 
Chapm. ] 
D In woods and rich soil, North Carolina and Tennessee to Georgia, Alabama and Mississippi. 
pring. 
2. MURICAUDA Small. 
Acaulescent herbs, with corms. Leaves basal, erect: blades several, pedately divided, 
the segments variable in size. Scape erect, overtopped by the leaves. Spadix more or 
less flattened or 2-edged, bearing flowers all over its slightly differentiated fertile portion, 
the sterile portion slender or filiform, long-exserted beyond the top of the spathe. 
Spathe convolute throughout, narrowed above. Flowers monoecious or dioecious : perianth 
wanting. Ovary turbinate. Ovules 6-8, bottle-shaped. Fruits in dense bright-colored 
heads. Endosperm present. 
1. Muricauda Dracóntium (L.) Small. Foliage deep green. Leaves usually soli- 
tary, 3-10 dm. tall; blades pedately divided, the segments 5-17, oblong, oblanceolate or 
cuneate, 1-3 dm. long, abruptly pointed or acuminate, entire, or the lateral ones lobed: 
spathe white or greenish, 3-10 em. long: spadix prolonged into a slender whip-like long- 
exserted tip, 5-20 cm. long, that of staminate plants, with the flowering part about 
as long as the tubular part of the'spathe; that of monoecious plants with the pistillate 
part near base of spadix : fruits bright red, 6-8 mm. in diameter. [Arisaema Dracontium 
(L.) Schott. ] 
In moist woods, Maine to Ontario, Minnesota, Florida and Texas. Spring. GREEN DRAGON. DRAGON 
OT. 
3. PELTANDRA Raf. 
Swamp-inhabiting herbs. Leaves basal: blades shorter than the petioles, entire, 
sagittate or hastate. Scapes shorter than the leaves, at length recurved. Spathe green or 
petal-like, wholly convolute or expanding above, often undulate or crisped. Spadix 
covered by the monoecious flowers. Perianth wanting. Flowers inconspicuous : staminate 
uppermost, at first shield-like scales, in whose edges are imbedded 6-10 anthers, these open- 
ing by apical pores and finally nearly free: pistillate flowers merely 1-celled carpels sur- 
rounded by 4-5 scale-like staminodia. Ovules 1 or few, amphitropous. Fruits green or 
crimson, in heads surrounded by the leathery base of the spathe. Seeds 1-3, surrounded 
by a tenacious jelly. Endosperm wanting. ARROW-ARUM. 
Spathes convolute throughout, narrow, green : fruits green. 1. P. Virginica. 
Spathes dilated and spreading above, mainly white: fruits crimson. 2. P. sagittaefolia. 
. l. Peltandra Virgínica(L.) Kunth. Foliage dark green. Leaves erect or ascend- 
ing, 2-3 dm. tall, often numerous ; blades sagittate or hastate-sagittate, ovate or oblong- 
ovate in outline, 1-3 dm. long, acute or acuminate, undulate, the lateral nerves spreading : 
scapes about as long as the petioles, recurving and often immersing the fruit at maturity : 
spathe green, 8-20 cm. long, enveloping the spadix, elongated, pale and crisped along the 
edges: spadix tapering, shorter than the spathe, 1 pistillate, 1 staminate : fruits slightly 
angled, 1-1.5 cm. in diameter, green. Staminate part of spadix and upper part of spathe 
decaying at maturity. 
saa n c or shallow pools, Maine to Ontario, Michigan, Florida and Louisiana. Spring and 
2. Peltandra sagittaefdlia (Michx.) Morong. Foliage deep green. Leaves basal, 
3-5 dm. tall, few ; blades sagittate, 1.5-2 dm. long, acute or acuminate, thinnish, the basal 
lobes about 4 as long as the middle lobe, obtuse: scapes sometimes as long as the leaves: 
spathes white, or green merely at the base, 4-10 cm. long, dilated above : spadix over å as 
long as the spathe, 4 pistillate, 3 staminate: fruits irregularly globose, about 1 cm. in 
diameter, crimson.  [ Peltandra alba Raf. ] 
In bogs or springy places, Virginia to Florida and Alabama. Spring and summer. 
