JUNCACEAE 257 
nearly equal, lanceolate-subulate, slenderly acute or acuminate, appressed or erect, the 
petals margined to the apex : stamens 6, 3 as long as the perianth ; anthers much shorter 
than the filaments : capsules oblong or rarely ovoid-oblong, about as long as the perianth, 
obtuse or barely apiculate: seeds oblong, 0.35-0.50 mm. long. 
In dry woods or on prairies, Illinois to Wyoming, Tennessee, Mississippi and Arkansas. Spring 
and early summer. 
9. Juncus Arizónicus Wiegand. Plants sparingly tufted, pale. Leaves basal; 
blades usually flat and 1 mm. broad: scapes 4-7 dm. tall, twice as high as the leaves, 
coarsely grooved: inflorescence straw-colored, many-flowered: bracts resembling the 
leaves, exceeding the inflorescence : perianth about 5 mm. long: sepals and petals lanceo- 
late-subulate, nearly equal, rigid, very acute: anthers about equalling the filaments : 
capsules ovoid-oblong, much shorter than the perianth : seeds irregularly curved, 0.3-0.37 
mm. long, the areolae in 12-14 transverse rows. 
In dry soil, Texas, New Mexico and Arizona. Spring to fall.—A variety, more slender in habit 
and with nearly filiform leaf-blades ; inflorescence 3-5 em. long; perianth about 4 mm. long; capsule 
more ovoid and nearly equalling the perianth, is J. Arizonicus curtiflorus Wiegand ; it occurs from east- 
ern Texas to Arizona. 
10. Juncus Georgiànus Coville. Plants densely tufted, 1-4 dm. high. Leaves 
basal ; sheaths minutely auriculate, commonly 2-4 em. long, or the innermost 8 em. long ; 
blades erect, striate on the back, 1 mm. in width or less, sometimes involute when dry : 
inflorescence 5-10 em. high: scapes barely exceeding 1 mm. in diameter: lowest invo- 
lueral bract not exceeding the panicle: flowers usually not more than 10, inserted singly 
on the branches of the panicle, prophyllate: perianth 4-6 mm. long: sepals and petals 
subulate-lanceolate : stamens 6, 3-2 the length of the perianth ; anthers 1.5-2 mm. long 
and several times longer than the filaments : capsules about } as long as the perianth, nar- 
rowly oblong-lanceolate in outline, obtuse or broadly acute, mucronate, 3-celled : seeds 
about 0.4-0.5 mm. long, oblong, reticulated, the areolae linear and arranged transversely 
on the seed in about 16 longitudinal rows. 
On granite, middle North Carolina and middle Georgia. Spring and summer, 
11. Juncus brachyphylius Wiegand. Plants stout, tufted, 4-5 dm. high. 
Leaves basal, }-4 the height of the scapes ; sheaths blade-bearing except the lowest one ; 
blades thickish, but flat, relatively broad, stiff and spreading: scapes stiff, slightly com- 
pressed, conspicuously grooved : inflorescence crowded, 2-6 em. long, straw colored, with 
ascending branches: bracts resembling the leaves, usually exceeding the inflorescence : 
perianth about 5 mm. long: sepals and petals slightly unequal, subulate, very acute, 
narrowly scarious near the base, or the petals scarious all around: anthers nearly equal- 
ling the filaments : capsules narrowly oblong, obtuse or retuse, about equalling the peri- 
anth: seeds oblong, 0.5-0.55 mm. long, strongly apiculate at both ends. 
In low grounds, Arkansas and the Indian Territory to Idaho. Summer and fall. 
12. Juncus ténuis Willd. Plants closely tufted, 2-7 dm. high. Leaves basal; blades 
flat, 0.5-1.5 mm. wide, sometimes involute in drying : inflorescence rarely reaching } the 
height of the plant: perianth 3.5-5 mm. long: sepalsand petals lanceolate, acuminate, 
more or less spreading : stamens 6, about 3 as long as the perianth ; anthers shorter than 
the filaments : capsules usually about } shorter than the perianth, ovoid to obovoid, ob- 
tuse, mucronate, 3-celled : seeds 0.4-0.55 mm. in length, narrowly oblong, with oblique 
apiculations, reticulated in about 16 longitudinal rows, the areolae 2-3 times broader 
than long. 
In dry or moist soil, throughout the United States and southern British America. Spring and sum- 
mer.—A variety, J. tenuis antheldtus Wiegand, with scapes 5-9 dm. tall, more numerous and looser leaf- 
sheaths, more diffuse inflorescence, a perianth 2.5-3.5 mm. long or rarely longer, and a capsule not over 
34 the length of the perianth, occurs from Maine to Missouri, South Carolina and Texas. 
13. Juncus Dudleyi Wiegand. Plants 3-10 dm. high, palegreen. Leaves basal ; 
blades about 3 the length of the scapes or less, very narrowly linear but flat, frequently 
somewhat involute: scapes tufted, often relatively stout but wiry, striate-grooved : in- 
florescence 2-5 em. high, or rarely slightly larger, usually rather congested, considerably 
exceeded by its bract, few-flowered : perianth green or pale straw-colored, 4-5 mm. long : 
sepals and petals firm, nearly equal, lanceolate-subulate, acute, more or less spreading, 
Scarious-margined : stamens 4 as long as the perianth ; anthers slightly shorter than the 
filaments : capsules ovoid-oval, 2—i the length of the perianth, somewhat apiculate : seeds 
oblong, 0.37-0.45 mm. long, apiculate at each end. 
In damp soil and open places, Maine to Ontario, Saskatchewan, Washington, Pennsylvania, Ten- 
nessee and Mexico. Spring and summer. 
14. Juncus dichótomus Ell Plants tufted, usually stout and stiff, 2-9 dm. high, 
purplish tinged toward the base: leaves basal, terete, channeled along the upper side, 
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