LILIACEAE -~ 265 
4. ANDROSTEPHIUM Torr. 
Scapose herbs, with membranous-coated corms. Leaves basal: blades narrow, elon- 
gated. Scape simple, topped by a several-rayed umbel, this subtended by several bracts. 
Flowers perfect, few, short-pedicelled. Perianth blue: sepals and petals 6, about as long 
as the funnelform tube, united to about the middle. Stamens 6, adnate to the throat of the 
perianth-tube : filaments united to the middle or above it into a tube, this bearing tooth- 
like lobes between the free parts of the filaments : anthers narrow, introrse. Ovary 3-celled : 
style filiform: stigma 3-grooved. Ovules several in each cavity. Capsule 3-angled, 
membranous, loculicidal. Seeds few, black, thick. 
1. Androstephium coerüleum (Scheele) Greene. Bulbs ovoid, with thin outer 
coats: leaves basal; blades rather flat, linear, commonly overtopping the scape: scape 
solitary, 1-3 dm. tall, topped by a 2-6-rayed umbel: pedicels ascending, 1-3 cm. long, 
relatively stout: perianth lilac or violet, 2-3 cm. long: sepals and petals oblong or oblong- 
lanceolate, about as long as the tube, obtuse: anthers not surpassing the perianth : capsules 
over 1 em. long and broad: seeds flat, 4-6 mm. broad. [A. violaceum Torr. ] 
On prairies and in light soil, Kansas to the Indian Territory and Texas. Spring. 
FAMILY 4. LILIACEAE Adans. LILY FAMILY. 
Perennial, mainly caulescent herbs, with bulbs orcorms. Leaves alternate or 
whorled, basal or apparently basal: blades entire. Flowers solitary, or in ter- 
minal racemes, corymbs or panicles. Perianth commonly conspicuous or showy. 
Sepals and petals 3 each, quite similar, sometimes partially united. Androecium 
of 6 stamens. Filaments usually distinct. Anthers 2-celled. Gynoecium of 3 
united earpels. Ovary superior, 3-celled. Styles united. Ovules 2-many in 
each cavity. Fruita loculicidal capsule, globular or elongated, lobed or prismatic. 
Sepals and petals partially united. 1. HEMEROCALLIS. 
Sepals and petals distinet. 
Anthers not introrse. 
Anthers versatile. 2. LILIUM. 
Anthers erect. 3. ERYTHRONIUM. 
Anthers introrse. 
Ovules numerous in each cavity. 4. QUAMASIA. 
Ovules 2 in each cavity. 5. OXYTRIA. 
1. HEMEROCÁLLIS L. 
Acaulescent herbs, with glabrous foliage and clustered coated bulbs. Leaves basal : 
blades linear, elongated, ascending or spreading, sometimes slightly involutely folded. 
Scapes simple below the inflorescence. Flowers perfect, in terminal clusters. Perianth 
` mostly yellow or orange, funnelform ; lobes longer than the tube, recurving. Stamens ô, 
adnate to near the top of the perianth-tube : filaments shorter than the perianth : anthers 
narrow, opening introrsely. Ovary longer than broad, 3-celled : style declined : stigma 
small, capitate. Ovules numerous in each cavity. Capsule 3-celled, 3-angled, longitu- 
dinally 3-valved. Endosperm fleshy. 
: 1. Hemerocallis filva L. Foliage glabrous, bright green. Leaves basal, often 
numerous ; blades linear, elongated, curved, acute: scapes 1-2 m. tall, overtopping the 
leaves, often mottled: flowers 5-15, short-pedicelled, opening for about one day : perianth 
showy, tawny orange, 10-15 cm. long; lobes spreading or recurved, the outer 3 flat, 
acutish, the inner 3 undulate, obtuse: stamens exserted, shorter than the style. 
In thiekets and meadows, New Brunswick and Ontario to North Carolina and Tennessee. Native 
of Europe and Asia. Summer. Day LiLv. 
2. LÍLIUM L. 
Caulescent herbs, with scaly bulbs. Leaves alternate or whorled : blades flat, entire, 
smooth, or with rough margins and nerves. Flowers perfect, erect or drooping. Peri- 
anth showy, variously colored, funnelform to campanulate: sepals and petals 3 each, dis- 
tinct, straight or recurved, each with a nectar-bearing groove at the base within. Stamens 
6, slightly adnate to the sepals and petals : filaments subulate or filiform, shorter than the 
perianth: anthers narrow, versatile, opening lengthwise. Ovary 3-celled : style often 
club-shaped : stigma 3-lobed. Ovules numerous in each cavity. Capsule longer than 
broad, loculicidal. Seeds flat, horizontal, closely packed in 2 rows in each cavity. 
