ROXBURGHIACEAE 279 
orbicular-ovate, 4—6 cm. long, crimson or purple-brown : filaments slender, 7-11 mm. long : 
anthers as long as the filaments or slightly longer. 
In woods or on open mountain slopes, North Carolina, Tennessee and Georgia. 
17. Trillium grandifldrum (Michx.) Salisb. Scapes 2-5 dm. tall, smooth : bracts 3 ; 
blades oval or rhombic-oval, 6-14 cm. long, acuminate, 5-nerved, more or less cuneate at 
the sessile sometimes constricted base : flower showy : pedicel 5-8 cm. long, erect or ascend- 
ing: sepals lanceolate, 2.5-5 cm. long, acute: petals oblanceolate, or obovate-oblanceolate, 
much longer than the sepals, white, pink or rarely green, ascending, crisped: berry sub- 
globose, 2-2.5 cm. in diameter, becoming black. 
In woods and on hillsides, Quebec to Minnesota, Florida and Missouri. 
18. Trillium cérnuum L. Scapes 2-6 dm. tall, smooth: bracts 3; blades rhombic, 
6-12 cm. long, sometimes broader than long, acuminate at the apex, more or less cuneately 
narrowed at the sessile or constricted base : pedicel 1-2.5 cm. long, retlexed : sepals oblong- 
lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 2-2.5 em. long, curled back : petals white or pink, elliptic, 
oval or ovate, a little longer than the sepals, acute, revolute, white or pink: filaments 3 as 
long as the anthers: berry ovoid, 1.5-2 cm. high, drooping, red-purple. 
In rich woods, Nova Scotia to Minnesota, Georgia and Missouri. 
19. Trillium stylósum Nutt.  Scapes 2-5 dm. tall, purple below, mottled above: 
bracts 3; blades elliptic or oval, 5-15 cm. long, acute or acuminate, rarely mottled, 5- 
nerved, constricted at the base: pedicel spreading or deflexed, 2-5 cm. long: sepals linear 
or linear-lanceolate or sometimes spatulate-oblong, 2-4 cm. long, more or less curled or 
reflexed : petals oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 3-6 cm. long, pink or rose-color, obtuse or 
abruptly pointed, crisped, recurved ; filaments longer than the bright yellow recurved 
anthers : berry globose-ovoid, 1-1.5 cm. long. 
In woods, North Carolina and Tennessee to Georgia and Alabama. 
20. Trillium undulatum Willd. Scapes 2-5 dm. tall: bracts 3; blades ovate, 6-20 
em. long, acuminate, rounded above the petiole-like bases: pedicel erect, 2-6 em. long: 
sepals lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 1.5-2.5 em. long, acute, spreading : petals oblong or 
oval, varying to obovate, much longer than the sepals, white striped with purple, especially 
at the base: filaments about as long as the anthers: berry broadly ovoid, 2 cm. long, 
bright red. 
In damp woods and bogs, Nova Scotia to Wisconsin, Georgia and Missouri. 
FAMILY 8. ROXBURGHIACEAE Wallich. RoxBURGHIA FAMILY. 
Perennial herbs or shrubs, sometimes with twining stems. Leaves alternate : 
blades with palmately parallel nerves. Flowers perfect, in axillary racemes. 
Perianth regular, green or more highly colored. Sepals and petals distinct, or 
partially united. Androecium of 4 hypogynous stamens. Filaments stout, dis- 
tinct or united at the base. Anthers 2-celled, introrse. Gynoecium a single pistil 
of 2 united carpels. Ovary 1-celled, free or adherent to the perianth below with 
a parietal placenta. Stigmas sessile. Ovules few or numerous, anatropous. 
Fruit a 2-valved capsule. Seeds erect on or pendulous from hairy or fibrillose 
funicles. Embryo slender or minute, in fleshy endosperm. 
1. CROOMIA Torr. 
Herbs, with slender creeping or horizontal rootstocks. Stems sheathed at the base. 
Leaves 4-6, near the top of the stem : blades 5-9-nerved. Flowers 1 or 2 on axillary pedun- 
cles. Perianth nodding, slender-pedicelled : sepals and petals 2 each, partially united, 
persistent. Stamens 4: filaments stout, nearly erect, unappendaged: anthers oblique. 
Ovary sessile: style wanting : stigma 2-lobed. Ovules 4-6, pendulous. Capsule finally 
2-valved, constricted near the apex. Seeds 2-4, or sometimes solitary. Embryo minute. 
1. Croomia paucifldra (Nutt.) Torr. Foliage glabrous. Stems 1-4 dm. tall, simple, 
naked below except for a few scales near the base, leafy above; leaves approximate ; 
blades oblong or oblong-ovate, 5-15 cm. long, acute or slightly acuminate, often somewhat 
crisped, cordate : petioles 3 as long as the blades or shorter : peduncles curved, as long as the 
petioles or longer : pedicels 2-10 mm. long, filiform: perianth greenish or tinged with 
