306 i HAEMODORACEAE 
equal length : appendages of the stigmas slightly toothed : capsules oval, 3-3.5 cm. long, 
3-angled. 
In low pine lands, North Carolina to Florida. Spring and summer. 
5. Iris prismática Pursh.  Rootstocks rather slender. Foliage bright green: stems 
slender, 3-9 dm. tall, often zigzag, simple: leaves not overtopping the stem; blades 
narrowly linear, grass-like, 2-3 on the stem, the rest basal, less than 1 cm. broad : flowers 
solitary or 2 together : perianth blue, variegated mainly with white; tube much surpass- 
ing the bracts ; lobes about 4 cm. long, crestless, spatulate, longer than the tube : append- 
ages of the stigmas toothed : capsule oblong, 2.5-4 cm. long, acute at both ends, 3-angled, 
the angles acute : seeds in one row in each cavity. [J. Virginica Muhl., not L.] 
In swamps or low grounds, New Brunswick to Pennsylvania and Georgia. Spring. BLUE GLAD- 
IOLE. 
6. Iris Caroliniàna S. Wats. Rootstocks stout. Foliage bright green : stems 5-9 
dm. tall, simple or branched : leaves equalling or surpassing the stem ; blades linear, 
thinnish, somewhat glaucous beneath : perianth lilac, variegated with yellow, purple and 
brown ; tube 11-13 mm. long, broadened upward ; lobes various, the inner narrowly spatu- 
late, nearly erect, the outer broadly spatulate, much longer, spreading or recurved, 8-10 cm. 
long : appendages of the stigma toothed : capsules oblong, 3-5 cm. long, obtusely 3-angled : 
seeds in 1 row in each cavity. 
In swamps, Virginia to Florida. Spring. 
7. Iris versícolor L. Rootstocks stout. Foliage somewhat glaucous: stems 8-10 
dm. tall, simple or branched : leaves shorter than the stem, often numerous ; blades lin- 
ear, sword-shaped, acuminate, glaucous on both sides, thickish : perianth showy, blue or 
lilac, variagated with white, yellow or purple ; tube 10-15 mm. long, slightly dilated up- 
ward ; lobes various, the outer much longer than the inner, 7-9 cm. long ; blades spatulate 
to ovate, obtuse : appendages of the stigmas eroded : capsules oblong-prismatic, 3-4 cm. 
long, obtusely 3-angled : seeds in 2 rows in each cavity. 
In swamps or on river banks, Newfoundland to Manitoba, Florida and Arkansas. Spring to fall. 
8. Iris hexágona Walt. Rootstocks stout. Foliage not glaucous: stems 3-9 dm. tall, 
zigzag above, simple or sometimes branched : leaves sometimes as long as the stem : blades 
linear, sword-shaped, attenuate, thickish : flowers sessile or nearly so: perianth violet- 
blue, variegated with white, yellow and purple; tube usually shorter than the bracts ; 
lobes usually 8-9 cm. long, spatulate, or blades ovate : appendages of the stigmas eroded : 
capsules prismatic, sessile or nearly so, 2.5-3.5 cm. long: seeds in 2 rows in each cavity. 
In swamps, South Carolina to Missouri, Florida and Texas. Spring 
FAMILY 4. HAEMODORACEAE R. Br. BroopwoRT FAMILY. 
Perennial caulescent herbs, with rootstocks. Leaves alternate, often mainly 
basal: blades narrow, somewhat elongated. Flowers perfect, in terminal spikes, 
cymes or panicles. Perianth usually pubescent: sepals and petals 3 each, more 
or less united, persistent. ^Androecium of 3 stamens opposite the petals. Fila- 
ments slender, distinct. Anthers often narrow. Gynoecium of 3 united carpels. 
Ovary wholly or partially 3-celled or rarely 1-celled. Styles united. Stigma 
nearly entire or 3-ridged. Ovules few, half-anatropous. Fruit a loculicidally 
3-valved capsule. Seeds few or rarely many. Endosperm fleshy, surrounding 
the small embryo. : 
1. GYROTHECA Salisb. 
Herbs, with short rootstocks, these like the roots, highly colored. Stems simple to 
the inflorescence, glabrous below. Leaves mainly basal, equitant: blades narrow, elon- 
gated, not overtopping the stem. Flowers in terminal, cymose corymbs. Perianth yel- 
lowish, pubescent without: sepals 3, smaller than the petals. Stamens 3, surpassing the 
perianth : filaments filiform: anthers versatile. Ovary 3-celled, inferior: styles slender, 
declined. Ovules few in each cavity, on fleshy placentae. Capsule subglobose, 3-celled, 
3-valved, enclosed in the persistent perianth. Seeds usually 6 in each cavity, peltate. 
[ Lachnanthes Ell. ] 
1. Gyrotheca tinctdria ( Walt.) Salisb. Rootstock red : stems 3-9 dm. tall, glabrous 
below, closely pubescent and corymbosely branched above: leaf-blades linear, somewhat 
shorter than the stem, attenuate, those on the stem gradually reduced : inflorescence woolly, 
