316 ORCHIDACEAE 
6. Habenaria Habenaria (L.) Small. Roots fibrous, often accompanied by a tuber : 
stems rather slender, 3-6 dm. tall: leaves chiefly on the lower part of the stem ; blades 
oblong or lanceolate, 5-15 cm. long, acute, entire, sheathing at the base, those above the 
middle of the stem much smaller: spike loosely few-flowered : bracts ovate-lanceolate to 
lanceolate, acuminate: middle sepal oval or orbicular-oval, 12-14 mm. long, obtuse: 
lateral sepals oblong or slightly narrowed upward: lateral petals with the broader seg- 
ment 8-10 mm. long, the other segment filiform, fully twice as long: lip 3-parted, 
the middle segment about 2 cm. long; lateral segments 4-} longer: spur conspicuous, 
11-12 cm. long. [H. macroceratitis (Sw.) Willd.] 
In sandy soil, peninsular Florida and tropical America. 
9. HABENÉLLA Small. 
Caulescent herbs, with large tuber-like roots. Leaves alternate, several : bladesspread- 
ing beyond the sheathing bases, extending well towards the inflorescence. Spike several- 
flowered. Perianth rather inconspicuous. Sepals 3, the upper one about as broad as long, 
boat-shaped, the 2 lateral concave, inequilateral. Lateral petals nearly oblong, much 
smaller than the sepals. Lip entire, narrow. Anther with filiform appendages at the 
base of each sac. Stigma drooping, with 2 short appendages on each side. Glands 
naked. Capsule rather elongated. 
1. Habenella Gárberi (Porter) Small. Roots tuber-like, several: stems 3-6 dm. 
tall, leafy throughout : leaves only slightly reduced above ; blades oblong to oblong-lanceo- 
late, 6—10 cm. long, acute, with clasping bases: spike 8-15 cm. long, loosely flowered : 
bracts lanceolate or linear-lanceolate : perianth greenish yellow, not showy : sepals broadly 
ovate or oval, 4-5 mm. long: lateral petals narrower than the sepals, oblong or nearly so: 
lip longer than the petals, entire, linear from a broad base, obtuse: spur slender, 12-18 
mm. long, as long as the ovary or longer. [Habenaria Garberi Porter.) 
In hammocks, peninsular Florida. Fall or winter. 
10. GYMNADENIOPSIS Rydb. 
Caulescent herbs, with fibrous or somewhat tuberous roots. Leaves alternate: blades 
entire. Flowers in relatively stout spikes. Bracts inconspicuous. Perianth white, pink, 
greenish or orange-yellow. Sepals free, spreading. Lateral petals usually smaller than 
the sepals. Lipentire or 3-toothed at theapex. Spur much longer than the lip. Anthers 
with parallel and approximate sacs and naked contiguous glands. Pollen-masses granular, 
with short tails. Stigma with 2-3 oblong or club-shaped appendages at the beak. 
Lip 3-toothed at the apex : spur club-shaped. 1. G. clavellata. 
Lip entire or crenulate : spur filiform. 3 
Perianth white or pink: ovary not twisted, shorter than the spur. 2. G. nivea. 
Perianth yellow or orange-yellow: ovary twisted, longer than the spur. 3. G. integra. 
1. Gymnadentopsis clavellata (Michx. ) Rydb. Roots coarse, clustered : stems 1- 
5 dm. tall, relatively slender, naked above: leaves reduced to scales, except 1 or rarely 
2, these near the middle of the stem or below it; blades oblong or oblong-oblanceolate, 5- 
12 cm. long, obtuse or acute, ascending: spike 2-5 cm. long, few-flowered : perianth 
greenish or whitish : sepals ovate or badiy oval, 2-2.5 mm. long, obtuse : lateral petals 
quite similar to the sepals : lip 3-4 mm. long, 3-toothed at the apex : spur club-shaped, 
TE han the ovary: capsules oblong, 7-8 mm. long. [Gymnadenia tridentata ( Willd.) 
indl. 
In low grounds, Newfoundland to Minnesota, Florida and Louisiana. Summer. FROG-SPIKE. 
2. Gymnadeniopsis nivea (Nutt.) Rydb. Roots tuber-like : stems usually slender, 
2-5 dm. tall: leaves several on the lower part of the stem, the upper ones much reduced ; 
blades linear or linear-oblong, 5-20 cm. long, or shorter above, and there attenuate : spike 
cylindrie, 2-10 cm. long: flowers not inverted : perianth white or pink: lateral sepals 
ovate, much dilated on the lower side at the base, 4-4.5 mm. long, other sepal ovate or 
oval, 3-4 mm. long: lateral petals smaller than the sepals, broadly linear or linear- 
oblong, 3-3.5 mm. long: lip linear or gradually narrowed upward, 5-5.7 mm. long, with 
2 teeth near the base: spur filiform, about 1 cm. long, as long as the ovary or longer. 
[Gymnadenia nivea (Nutt.) Engelm. & Gray.] 
In pine lands and on wooded hillsides, Delaware to Florida and Mississippi. Summer. : 
3. Gymnadeniopsis integra (Nutt.) Rydb. Roots rather thick or even tuber-like : 
stems 3-6 dm. tall, rather naked above: leaf-blades broadly linear or linear-lanceolate, 
5-20 cm. long, much reduced above : spike oblong, 3-8 cm. long: bracts about as long as 
the perianth or shorter: perianth orange or orange-yellow : sepals oval or obovate, 3-4 
mm. long, obtuse: lateral petals often slightly larger than the sepals : lip oblong or ovate- 
