350 FAGACEAE 
long, glabrous and shining on both sides or sparingly tomentose beneath and tufted in the 
axils of the nerves when young, acute and bristle-tipped at the apex, usually entire, except 
on young shoots; petioles 2-5 mm. long: acorns sessile or nearly so; cup saucer-shaped, 
10-15 mm. broad, the bracts appressed ; nut subglobose, often depressed or globose-ovoid, 
about 1 em. long. 
In sandy soil, Long Island to Missouri, Florida and Texas. WILLOW OAK. 
2. Quercus hybrida (Chapm.) Small. A large tree, sometimes 25 m. tall, with a 
roughish bark and smooth ash-colored branchlets. Leaf-blades oblong to cuneate, 6-12 
em. long, rounded or 3-lobed at the apex, or sometimes with an additional lobe on one 
side, dark green, glabrous on both sides at maturity, gradually or abruptly narrowed into 
the short petiole: acorn closely sessile, 10-12 mm. long; cup flat, saucer-shaped, 10-12 
mm. broad, with appressed scales; nut subglobose or ovoid-globose, fully thrice longer 
than the cup. [Q. aquatica var. hybrida Chapm. ] 
On sandy or rocky river shores, Georgia and Florida to Mississippi. 
3. Quercus laurifólia Michx. A tree, reaching a height of about 30 m., with a trunk 
diameter of more than 1 m, the bark of the trunk almost black. Leaf-blades oblong, varying 
to oval or obovate, 4-13 cm. long, entire or those on shoots unequally lobed, or pinnatifid, 
all bristle-tipped, slightly thickened and revolute along the margin, deep green and shin- 
ing above, paler and finally glabrous beneath ; petioles 1-3 mm. long: acorns short-stalked 
or subsessile; cup saucer-shaped, 10-15 mm. broad, the scales appressed; nut ovoid or 
globose-ovoid, 1-1.5 cm. long. 
On sandy banks and in swamps, chiefly near the coast, Virginia to Florida and Louisiana. 
LAUREL OAK. 
4. Quercus imbricaria Michx. A forest tree, rarely 30 m. tall, with a maximum 
trunk diameter of about 1 m, the bark of the trunk brown, fissured. Leaf-blades oblong, 
varying to lanceolate or oblanceolate, 6-20 cm. long, bristle-tipped, entire, undulately 
toothed or rarely prominently 3-toothed at the apex, deep green and shining above, softly 
tomentose beneath; petioles 0.5-2 cm. long: acorns short-peduncled ; cup nearly hemis- 
pheric, 15-20 mm. broad, the bracts appressed, obtuse ; nut ovoid or subglobose, 10-15 
mm. long. : 
In dry woods, Pennsylvania to Michigan, Nebraska, Georgia and Arkansas. SHINGLE OAK. 
5. Quercus brevifdlia (Lam.) Sarg. A tree, rarely 30 m. high, with a maximum 
trunk diameter of 5 dm., the bark of the trunk gray and scaly. Leaf-blades oblong, varying 
to lanceolate or oblanceolate, 5-12 cm. long, entire, undulate or rarely toothed near the 
apex or shallowly lobed, pale green and shining above, gray-tomentose beneath ; petioles 
3-8 mm. long: acorns often nearly sessile ; cup saucer-shaped, 10-15 mm. broad, the bracts 
appressed ; nut oblong or subglobose, 1.5 cm. high, often striate. [Q. cinerea Michx. ] 
ü In sandy soil, chiefly on ridges, North Carolina to Florida and Texas. HiGH-GROUND WILLOW 
AK. 
6. Quercus microcárya Small. A shrub or small tree, sometimes 5 m. tall, with very 
crooked branches and glabrous foliage. Leaf-blades thin, spatulate in outline, 5-10 cm. 
long, undulate or shallowly lobed, gray-green above, yellowish green beneath, short- 
petioled, the small bristles early deciduous: acorns sessile, less than 10 mm. long; cup 
deep saucer-shaped, 6-7 mm. broad ; nut globose-ovoid, often nearly one-half in the cup. 
On granite rocks, Little Stone Mountain, Georgia. X 
7. Quercus nigra L. A tree, reaching a maximum height of 30 m., with a trunk di- 
ameter of a little more than 1 m., the bark of the trunk smooth. Leaf-blades firm, oblanceolate 
or spatulate in outline, 5-15 cm. long, entire and sometimes with a dilated terminal lobe or 
3-lobed at the apex, those of the shoots often pinnatifid, bright green and glabrous on both 
surfaces, or somewhat tomentose beneath, the principal nerves ending in bristles; petioles 
2-7 mm. long : acorns sessile or short-peduncled ; cup saucer-shaped, 12-15 mm. broad, the 
scales appressed ; nuts subglobose, 1-1.3 cm. long, pubescent. [Q. aquatica Walt. ] 
In sandy soil, along streams, Delaware to Missouri, Florida and Texas. WATER OAK. 
8. Quercus Marylandica Muench. A forest tree, reaching a maximum height of 
about 20 m., with a trunk diameter of 1 m., the bark of the trunk very rough, black. Leaf- 
blades broadly or narrowly obovate, 3-5-lobed or with one much dilated terminal lobe, firm, 
deep green and shining above, brownish pubescent beneath, rounded or cordate at the base ; 
petioles about 0.5-1 em. long : acorns sessile or short-peduncled ; cup depressed-hemispheric, 
15-20 mm. broad, constricted at the base, the scales obtuse, appressed ; nuts subglobose or 
ovoid, 10-20 mm. long, usually one-half included in the cup. [@Q. nigra Wang. not L.] 
Chiefly in rocky soil, Long Island to Nebraska, Florida and Texas. BLACK Jack. BARREN OAK. 
JACK OAK. 
