FAGACEAE 351 
9. Quercus palustris Du Roi. A forest tree, reaching a maximum height of about 
60 m., with a trunk diameter of 1.5 m., the trunk clothed with a brown rough bark, its lower 
branches often deflexed. Leaf-blades broadly oval, varying to ovate or obovate, 6-15 cm. 
long, deeply pinnatifid into oblong, lanceolate or triangular lobes, glabrous on both sides 
except the tufted axils of the nerves beneath, shining above; petioles 3-5 cm. long, or 
shorter on seedlings: acorns short-peduncled ; cup saucer-shaped, 12-15 mm. long, finely 
pubescent, the scales appressed ; nut subglobose, 10-15 mm. long. 
In swamps and wet places, Massachusetts to Wisconsin, Florida and the Indian Territory. PIN 
OAK. SwAMP OAK. 
10. Quercus Georgiana M. A. Curtis. A bushy shrub or small tree, reaching a 
height of about 9 m., with a trunk diameter of about 3 dm., the bark of the trunk dark, rough. 
Leaf-blades obovate or oblong in outline, pinnatifid into 3-5 triangular or ovate bristle- 
tipped lobes, glabrous and somewhat shining on both sides or the axils of the nerves 
beneath often tufted ; petioles 0.5-1 cm. long: acorns very short-peduncled or sessile ; cup 
saucer-shaped, 12-16 mm. broad, sparingly tomentose, the scales appressed ; nut ovoid or 
nearly globose, 10-14 mm. long, usually striate. 
On granite rock and in sandy soil, middle Georgia. 
11. Quercus Schnéckii Britton. A shrub or forest tree, reaching a maximum height 
of 65 m., with a trunk diameter of 2.5 m., the trunk clothed with a reddish brown bark. Leaf- 
blades oval varying to obovate, 6-20 cm. long, glabrous and shining above, paler beneath 
and tufted in the axils of the nerves, usually pinnately 5-7-lobed; lobes ascending, oblong 
or triangular, entire or several-toothed, the sinuses rounded, the lobes and teeth bristle- 
tipped ; petioles slender, 2-5 cm. long, or shorter in some Texas forms: acorns short- 
peduncled or nearly sessile ; cup saucer-shaped, 20-30 mm. broad, or smaller in arid regions, 
the scales appressed ; nut ovoid, 1.5-2.5 em. long. [Q. Terana Sarg., not Buckl.] 
On plains and prairies, lowa to Florida and Texas. SPANISH OAK. 
12. Quercus rubra L. A forest tree, reaching a maximum height of 50 m., with a 
trunk diameter of 1.5 m., the trunk clothed with a rough, close, often mottled bark. Leaf- 
blades oval, varying to ovate or obovate in outline, 10-20 cm. long, dull or slightly shin- 
ing above, pale and glabrous beneath, except the tufts of hairs in the axils of the nerves, 
5-7-lobed, the lobes ascending, entire or usually with a few bristle-tipped teeth, the sinuses 
rounded; petioles 3-5 em. long: acorns short-stalked ; cup saucer-shaped, slightly tomen- 
tose, 25-35 mm. broad, its base usually flat, its scales large, appressed, flat; nut ovoid, 
2.5-3 cm. long. 
In woods, Nova Scotia and Ontario to Minnesota and Kansas, Florida and Texas. RED Oak. 
LEOPARD OAK. 
.. 13. Quercus Catesbaéi Michx. A small tree, sometimes reaching a height of 20 m., 
with a trunk diameter of 1 m., the trunk clothed with a thick furrowed blue-gray bark, 
which finally separates into small blocks. Leaf-blades oblong or ovate in outline, usually 
deeply pinnately-lobed, rather pale green and glabrous on both surfaces, except the tufted 
axils of the nerves beneath, the lobes oblong, ovate or usually lanceolate, often curved, 
entire, or with coarse bristle-tipped teeth towards the end ; petioles about 0.5-1 cm. long: 
acorns short-peduncled ; cup saucer-shaped, about 25-30 mm. broad, the scales broad, ap- 
pressed, but not closely so ; nut ovoid, 2-2.5 cm. long. 
On sand ridges, North Carolina to Florida and Louisiana. TURKEY OAK. 
l4. Quercus Texàna Buckl A small tree, with spreading branches. Leaves 
numerous; blades 5-10 cm. long, with 3-7 triangular or ovate lobes, the terminal one 
much longer than the rest, broadly cuneate to truncate at the base ; petioles slender, 1-3 
em. long: acorns about 1.5 cm. long, nearly sessile ; cup hemispheric, 9-11 mm. broad ; 
nut oblong or ovoid-oblong, 8-10 mm. thick. 
In dry or rocky soil, southern and western Texas. 
15. Quercus coccinea Wang. A forest tree, reaching a height of about 50 m., with 
a trunk diameter of 1.5 m., the trunk clothed with an irregularly ridged bark. Leaf-blades 
oval, varying to oblong or obovate in outline, 1-2 dm. long, usually deep green and shin- 
ing above, paler and glabrous beneath, or tufted in the axils of the nerves, 5-7-lobed, the 
lobes ascending or spreading, usually toothed, the teeth as well as the lobes bristle-tipped ; 
petioles 2-6 em. long: acorns sessile or short-peduncled ; cup turbinate, 15-20 mm. broad, 
more or less constricted at the base, the scales appressed ; nut ovoid or oblong-ovoid, mostly 
1-2 em. long. 
In dry soil, Maine to Ontario and Minnesota, Florida and Missouri. ScARLET OAK. 
16. Quercus velutina Lam. A forest tree, reaching a height of 50 m., with a 
trunk diameter of 1.5 m., the bark dark brown, close or in low irregular ridges. Leaf-blades 
oval or obovate in outline, 10-30 em. long, pinnately lobed, glabrous and often shining 
